Scholarlink

<p>Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are central to the biotransformation of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds in fish, linking environmental exposure to physiological responses. This review focuses on CYP1A, CYP1B1, and CYP1C1 isoforms, highlighting their inducibility by pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organophosphates, and endocrine disruptors. Mechanistic regulation via nuclear receptors, including AhR, PXR, and PPARs, and tissue-specific expression in liver, gill, kidney, and brain are discussed. CYP activity, monitored through biomarkers like EROD, GST, and UGT, is species-specific and influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, season, and reproductive status. Although total CYP content in fish is lower than in mammals, inducibility is pronounced, often producing reactive intermediates that increase oxidative stress, impair immunity, and disrupt endocrine and metabolic functions. By integrating data across species, chemicals, and exposure scenarios, this review highlights CYP enzymes as sensitive biomarkers for aquatic environmental monitoring and provides insights for ecotoxicological assessment and regulatory strategies.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Ecotoxicological significance of cytochrome P450 in fish encompassing xenobiotic detoxification and physiological regulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

查看全文
  • Shijina P. Nambiar,
  • Devika Pillai,
  • Suresh N. Nair,
  • Rahul Krishnan

摘要

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are central to the biotransformation of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds in fish, linking environmental exposure to physiological responses. This review focuses on CYP1A, CYP1B1, and CYP1C1 isoforms, highlighting their inducibility by pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organophosphates, and endocrine disruptors. Mechanistic regulation via nuclear receptors, including AhR, PXR, and PPARs, and tissue-specific expression in liver, gill, kidney, and brain are discussed. CYP activity, monitored through biomarkers like EROD, GST, and UGT, is species-specific and influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, season, and reproductive status. Although total CYP content in fish is lower than in mammals, inducibility is pronounced, often producing reactive intermediates that increase oxidative stress, impair immunity, and disrupt endocrine and metabolic functions. By integrating data across species, chemicals, and exposure scenarios, this review highlights CYP enzymes as sensitive biomarkers for aquatic environmental monitoring and provides insights for ecotoxicological assessment and regulatory strategies.