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Purpose <p>Idiopathic male infertility can be empirically treated with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Although this hormonal stimulation is not focused on the causes behind spermatogenesis impairment, its efficacy should be evaluated considering the couple. This study aimed to assess the FSH efficacy in male idiopathic infertility, considering the infertile couples.</p> Methods <p>A retrospective, observational, real-world study was carried out. Male partner of infertile couples were enrolled and divided according to FSH administration: Group (1) Study group, FSH-treated; Group (2) Control group, non-FSH-treated. Group 1 was then subdivided according to the attending assisted reproduction technology (ART) procedure: Group 1&#xa0;A. Couples attending ART; Group 1B. Couples non attending ART. For Group 1, baseline (FSH first prescribed) and follow-up (FSH stopped) evaluations were recorded, while Group 2 was evaluated only at baseline.</p> Results <p>1951 men were enrolled (Group 1&#xa0;A: 25, Group 1B:140, Group 2:1786). The pregnancy rate was higher in study than control groups, not statistical significance (31.7% versus 25.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.088). In Group 1, a significant sperm quantity increase was detected after FSH administration. Pregnancy rate was significantly predicted by female age (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), number of retrieved oocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.008), number of total (<i>p</i> = 0.031) and transferred embryos (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) in Group 2. These predictive variables were lost in Group 1&#xa0;A, where subjects underwent FSH stimulation.</p> Conclusions <p>Our study confirms FSH efficacy in terms of sperm quantity increase, leading to a slightly improved pregnancy rate. Further studies should help to evaluate whether an increasing stimulatory approach could be more useful to the final reproductive success.</p>

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Efficacy of follicle-stimulating hormone on sperm parameters and pregnancy rate in idiopathic male infertility: A real-world study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • Giorgia Spaggiari,
  • Marilina Romeo,
  • Daria Morini,
  • Alessia Nicoli,
  • Giovanni Battista La Sala,
  • Francesca Iannotti,
  • Angela Immacolata Falbo,
  • Lorenzo Aguzzoli,
  • Maria Teresa Villani,
  • Maria Cristina De Santis,
  • Laura Roli,
  • Giulia Canu,
  • Tommaso Trenti,
  • Manuela Simoni,
  • Daniele Santi

摘要

Purpose

Idiopathic male infertility can be empirically treated with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Although this hormonal stimulation is not focused on the causes behind spermatogenesis impairment, its efficacy should be evaluated considering the couple. This study aimed to assess the FSH efficacy in male idiopathic infertility, considering the infertile couples.

Methods

A retrospective, observational, real-world study was carried out. Male partner of infertile couples were enrolled and divided according to FSH administration: Group (1) Study group, FSH-treated; Group (2) Control group, non-FSH-treated. Group 1 was then subdivided according to the attending assisted reproduction technology (ART) procedure: Group 1 A. Couples attending ART; Group 1B. Couples non attending ART. For Group 1, baseline (FSH first prescribed) and follow-up (FSH stopped) evaluations were recorded, while Group 2 was evaluated only at baseline.

Results

1951 men were enrolled (Group 1 A: 25, Group 1B:140, Group 2:1786). The pregnancy rate was higher in study than control groups, not statistical significance (31.7% versus 25.5%, p = 0.088). In Group 1, a significant sperm quantity increase was detected after FSH administration. Pregnancy rate was significantly predicted by female age (p < 0.001), number of retrieved oocytes (p = 0.008), number of total (p = 0.031) and transferred embryos (p < 0.001) in Group 2. These predictive variables were lost in Group 1 A, where subjects underwent FSH stimulation.

Conclusions

Our study confirms FSH efficacy in terms of sperm quantity increase, leading to a slightly improved pregnancy rate. Further studies should help to evaluate whether an increasing stimulatory approach could be more useful to the final reproductive success.