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Background <p>Immune cytopenias have been reported in the literature as a consequence of cancer immunotherapy. BCG has been used for urothelial carcinoma of the ureter and renal pelvis, either as treatment for carcinoma in situ or as adjuvant topical therapy to reduce recurrences.</p> Case presentation <p>Hereby we describe the first reported case of combined immune thrombocytopenia and neutropenia as a consequence of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) immunotherapy. In our case, the patient was a 65 year-old Caucasian male.</p> Conclusion <p>After exclusion of alternative diagnoses, most cases of BCG-induced immune cytopenias are successfully managed with blood and platelet transfusion support and discontinuation of BCG. Emergent situations (severe neutropenia or bleeding) call for treatment with immunosuppressive agents. This case report helps provide guidance on how to recognize and manage a patient with immune cytopenia as a consequence of BCG immunotherapy.</p>

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Acquired thrombocytopenia and neutropenia after intrarenal BCG immunotherapy treatment for urothelial carcinoma of the kidney: a case report

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月9日

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  • Stephen E. Glombicki,
  • Surena F. Matin,
  • Tariq Muzzafar,
  • Mikel Etchegaray,
  • Natalie J. M. Dailey Garnes,
  • Cristhiam M. Rojas-Hernandez

摘要

Background

Immune cytopenias have been reported in the literature as a consequence of cancer immunotherapy. BCG has been used for urothelial carcinoma of the ureter and renal pelvis, either as treatment for carcinoma in situ or as adjuvant topical therapy to reduce recurrences.

Case presentation

Hereby we describe the first reported case of combined immune thrombocytopenia and neutropenia as a consequence of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) immunotherapy. In our case, the patient was a 65 year-old Caucasian male.

Conclusion

After exclusion of alternative diagnoses, most cases of BCG-induced immune cytopenias are successfully managed with blood and platelet transfusion support and discontinuation of BCG. Emergent situations (severe neutropenia or bleeding) call for treatment with immunosuppressive agents. This case report helps provide guidance on how to recognize and manage a patient with immune cytopenia as a consequence of BCG immunotherapy.