Bias-Aware Generative AI for fair customer segmentation: a VAE and BIRCH clustering approach
摘要
The rise of AI in marketing engenders crucial questions of equity in customer segmentation wherein biased data may exclude groups that are vulnerable to discrimination. Can generative AI solve this problem? We attempt to solve these issues with a Bias-Aware Generative AI (BiA-GAI) framework, using the Mall Customer Segmentation dataset. After normalizing the dataset with z-score and min-max normalization, we proceed to train a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) with an encoder (64-32-2) and decoder (2-32-64) architecture that includes dropout (0.2) alongside adversarial training to reduce bias arising from the protected attribute (income ≥ 50). Clustering of the debiased latent representations with BIRCH (K = 4) yields Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI): 0.85 (z-score) and 0.92 (min-max), lower than those of K-Means (DBI: 1.12). From the standpoint of fairness, near-perfect parity is achieved. Disparate Impact reaches 0.999 (plus 22.4% from baseline 0.816), while Mean Difference remains at almost zero (-1.11e-16 for z-score, -2.45e-15 for min-max). Tested on the UCI Adult dataset, BiA-GAI scores a Disparate Impact of 0.995, asserting its robustness. This approach offers actionable insights for ethical marketing strategies, addressing a pressing need in AI-driven consumer analytics.