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<p>Efficient watershed management is essential for controlling soil erosion and ensuring sustainable utilization of natural resources, particularly in ecologically sensitive regions. The Koyna River Basin in Maharashtra, India, characterized by steep slopes, high rainfall, and complex terrain, is highly susceptible to environmental degradation. This study aims to assess the morphometric characteristics of the basin and prioritize sub-watersheds based on their erosion susceptibility using a geospatial approach. Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model data were processed within a GIS environment to derive key linear, areal, and relief parameters. These parameters were integrated using a compound parameter (Cp) ranking method to establish prioritization. The basin is identified as a sixth-order drainage system with an average bifurcation ratio of 4.19, indicating relative geological homogeneity. Drainage density values (0.98–1.23) suggest a coarse drainage texture, while morphometric indices reveal an elongated basin shape. Based on prioritization results, sub-watershed SW3 is classified as highly vulnerable and requires immediate conservation measures, whereas SW1 exhibits the lowest priority. The findings provide a scientific basis for targeted watershed management and demonstrate the applicability of integrated morphometric and geospatial techniques for sustainable planning.</p>

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Watershed prioritization of the Koyna River Basin using geospatial morphometry and principal component analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Komal G. Rokade,
  • Himalaya S. Ganachari,
  • Omkar D. Rajmane,
  • Mahanand S. Mane

摘要

Efficient watershed management is essential for controlling soil erosion and ensuring sustainable utilization of natural resources, particularly in ecologically sensitive regions. The Koyna River Basin in Maharashtra, India, characterized by steep slopes, high rainfall, and complex terrain, is highly susceptible to environmental degradation. This study aims to assess the morphometric characteristics of the basin and prioritize sub-watersheds based on their erosion susceptibility using a geospatial approach. Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model data were processed within a GIS environment to derive key linear, areal, and relief parameters. These parameters were integrated using a compound parameter (Cp) ranking method to establish prioritization. The basin is identified as a sixth-order drainage system with an average bifurcation ratio of 4.19, indicating relative geological homogeneity. Drainage density values (0.98–1.23) suggest a coarse drainage texture, while morphometric indices reveal an elongated basin shape. Based on prioritization results, sub-watershed SW3 is classified as highly vulnerable and requires immediate conservation measures, whereas SW1 exhibits the lowest priority. The findings provide a scientific basis for targeted watershed management and demonstrate the applicability of integrated morphometric and geospatial techniques for sustainable planning.