<p>Geoheritage and geotourism sites preserve vital records of the Earth’s history and support sustainable development. Yet many of these sites face growing threats from mining, industrial expansion, and weak governance, especially in resource-rich regions such as Africa. We review global strategies for protecting geoheritage from mining and identify lessons relevant to Nigeria and other African nations. Using a qualitative, integrative literature review, we synthesize evidence from international conventions, legal frameworks, and case studies across five continents. Successful approaches such as the UNESCO Global Geoparks Program and World Heritage Convention, and show the importance of clear legislation, strong institutions, and community participation. However, enforcement gaps, limited funding, and low public awareness continue to undermine protection efforts. We recommend three key strategies for Africa: (1) strengthening legal frameworks to explicitly protect geoheritage; (2) building institutional and community capacity for enforcement and stewardship; and (3) adapting global geopark models to local contexts that link conservation with education and tourism. Unlike earlier works that treat mining impacts, geotourism, and conservation separately, we integrate mining-policy governance with geoheritage management to produce Africa-specific, implementable guidance, with immediate relevance for Nigeria. Importantly, we present the protection of geoheritage not only as an environmental priority but also as a foundation for resilience, cultural identity, and sustainable economic growth.</p>