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<p>Globally, over 2.3&#xa0;billion people rely on polluting fuels for cooking. This reliance contributes to about 3.2&#xa0;million deaths annually from household air pollution. Women and children bear the greatest burden. Fuel collection and use reduce women’s time for education, income generation, and other productive activities. As a result, poverty is reinforced and socio-economic advancement is constrained. This study examines how gender-based ownership and control of household resources influence household energy-transition decisions in Uganda. Drawing on Energy Ladder Theory and Intra-household Resource Allocation Theory, the study conceptualises household energy transition as a gendered process shaped by intra-household power relations rather than economic capacity alone. Panel data from the Uganda National Panel Survey (2016–2020) are analyzed using a fixed-effects ordered logit model to estimate the effects of women’s ownership and control of financial resources, land, and buildings on household cooking fuel-choice. Qualitative narratives are used to complement the quantitative analysis and deepen understanding of household decision-making dynamics. The findings indicate that women’s ownership and control of financial resources significantly reduce reliance on traditional biomass fuels and increase the likelihood of adopting transitional and modern fuels. In contrast, women’s ownership of non-agricultural land does not have a statistically significant effect on household fuel choice. These results highlight the importance of gendered control over resources rather than income or asset ownership alone. The study concludes that strengthening women’s control over financial and productive assets enhances their decision-making agency and accelerates household transitions toward cleaner cooking fuels. Policy makers should consider integrating gender-equity objectives into national clean-energy strategies, expanding women’s control over key household resources, and designing energy-transition programmes that explicitly recognise intra-household bargaining dynamics.</p>

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Women’s ownership and control of household resources and cooking fuel transition in Uganda

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Joseph Elasu,
  • Christopher Kusemererwa,
  • Shafic Mujabi,
  • Joseph Mpeera Ntayi,
  • Muyiwa S. Adaramola,
  • Ronette Atukunda,
  • Ruth Atuhaire,
  • Charlotte Anne Nakakaawa Jjunju,
  • Muhire Francis,
  • Charles Olupot

摘要

Globally, over 2.3 billion people rely on polluting fuels for cooking. This reliance contributes to about 3.2 million deaths annually from household air pollution. Women and children bear the greatest burden. Fuel collection and use reduce women’s time for education, income generation, and other productive activities. As a result, poverty is reinforced and socio-economic advancement is constrained. This study examines how gender-based ownership and control of household resources influence household energy-transition decisions in Uganda. Drawing on Energy Ladder Theory and Intra-household Resource Allocation Theory, the study conceptualises household energy transition as a gendered process shaped by intra-household power relations rather than economic capacity alone. Panel data from the Uganda National Panel Survey (2016–2020) are analyzed using a fixed-effects ordered logit model to estimate the effects of women’s ownership and control of financial resources, land, and buildings on household cooking fuel-choice. Qualitative narratives are used to complement the quantitative analysis and deepen understanding of household decision-making dynamics. The findings indicate that women’s ownership and control of financial resources significantly reduce reliance on traditional biomass fuels and increase the likelihood of adopting transitional and modern fuels. In contrast, women’s ownership of non-agricultural land does not have a statistically significant effect on household fuel choice. These results highlight the importance of gendered control over resources rather than income or asset ownership alone. The study concludes that strengthening women’s control over financial and productive assets enhances their decision-making agency and accelerates household transitions toward cleaner cooking fuels. Policy makers should consider integrating gender-equity objectives into national clean-energy strategies, expanding women’s control over key household resources, and designing energy-transition programmes that explicitly recognise intra-household bargaining dynamics.