<p>This qualitative study investigates the complex interplay of factors contributing to the vulnerability of underage girls to sexual exploitation in Ghana, including poverty, lack of parental care, and societal norms. Using a phenomenological approach, the research explores the experiences of 26 underage girls who have faced sexual exploitation in West Africa using Ghana as a case study. Data collection employed semi-structured interviews and supplemented by participant observations. Thematic analysis revealed that poverty, lack of parental care, and societal norms as exacerbating factors, while responsible parenting, comprehensive sexuality education, and economic empowerment emerge as mitigating factors. This study underscores the importance of addressing socio-cultural and economic factors through multifaceted interventions, including policy reforms, community-based initiatives, and targeted support services. The research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on child protection and sexual exploitation, informing strategies to protect underage girls from exploitation. The study’s implications inform policy, research, and practice, advocating for strengthened child protection mechanisms, enhanced community-based initiatives, and evidence-based interventions.</p>