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<p>Lotus (<i>Nelumbo</i> Adans.) is a versatile plant with ornamental, edible, medicinal, water purification, and cultural significance. The wide variation in petal numbers, particularly the double-petal cultivars, contributes to its ornamental value. However, traditional breeding methods, which require growing seedlings to maturity to identify single or double flowers, are time-consuming (ranging from one to three years) and costly. This study mapped the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for single/double-petal traits to the 0.90–4.40&#xa0;Mb region on chromosome 5 using the F<sub>1</sub> generation of the traditional cultivar ‘Dan Sajin’. Within this region, 78 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion-deletion (InDel) loci were identified, showing significant genotypic differences between single- and double-petal traits. A C/T SNP locus at Chr.5: 1,400,097&#xa0;bp (marker H8) was selected from 42 single-petal and 35 double-petal lotus samples, demonstrating the highest resolution for distinguishing between the two flower types. In three hybrid combinations of Asian lotus (excluding single-petal lotus from south of the Yangtze River), seedlings with CC or CT genotypes consistently produced single-petal flowers (100% at maturity), while those with the TT genotype yielded double-petal flowers with an 85.7% probability. The H8 marker promises to significantly reduce production costs in lotus breeding, offering a simple, rapid, low-cost, and highly efficient method.</p>

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Development and application of molecular markers linked to single and double flowers in northern Chinese lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • Jiaxin He,
  • Yini Ma,
  • Guohong Huang,
  • Tarek M. A. Soliman,
  • Sheng Yu,
  • Zining Guo,
  • Fengluan Liu

摘要

Lotus (Nelumbo Adans.) is a versatile plant with ornamental, edible, medicinal, water purification, and cultural significance. The wide variation in petal numbers, particularly the double-petal cultivars, contributes to its ornamental value. However, traditional breeding methods, which require growing seedlings to maturity to identify single or double flowers, are time-consuming (ranging from one to three years) and costly. This study mapped the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for single/double-petal traits to the 0.90–4.40 Mb region on chromosome 5 using the F1 generation of the traditional cultivar ‘Dan Sajin’. Within this region, 78 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion-deletion (InDel) loci were identified, showing significant genotypic differences between single- and double-petal traits. A C/T SNP locus at Chr.5: 1,400,097 bp (marker H8) was selected from 42 single-petal and 35 double-petal lotus samples, demonstrating the highest resolution for distinguishing between the two flower types. In three hybrid combinations of Asian lotus (excluding single-petal lotus from south of the Yangtze River), seedlings with CC or CT genotypes consistently produced single-petal flowers (100% at maturity), while those with the TT genotype yielded double-petal flowers with an 85.7% probability. The H8 marker promises to significantly reduce production costs in lotus breeding, offering a simple, rapid, low-cost, and highly efficient method.