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<p>The applications of carbon nanomaterials (CNM) and carbon nanocomposites (CNC) based on carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes, and quantum dots have proved to be the promising tools for smart delivery systems, controlled-release nano-fertilizers, water purification membranes, and sensors for monitoring plant health in agriculture. Varied doses of CNM and CNC with both beneficial and harmful effects makes the research outcomes inconsistent. Clearcut guidelines of beneficial doses, laboratories to field application differences and un-identified arears of research can strengthen researchers’ groundwork. The objective of this review is not only to present recent advancements in application of CNM and CNC in agriculture, but also to critically discusses their effective application concentrations. Present review stating the structural framework of different types of nanomaterials, nanocomposites, CNM, CNC and their basic differences is elucidative. The exemplary discussion on different types of CNM and CNC in agricultural applications for plant growth, yield, stress resilience and environmental applications for improvement of soil–water interface, soil fertility, toxicity remediation will serve as guidelines to attain climate resilient and nutrient efficient agriculture. While beneficial doses at lower concentration (in the range of 100–500&#xa0;µg/mL) could be effective in hydroponic applications, higher doses (10–100&#xa0;mg/L) are generally used for foliar applications or priming. Soil or pot applications are effective at similar doses of priming or may even require higher concentrations for effective beneficial effects. Environmental applications may require higher doses (10–100&#xa0;mg/kg or more) for effect. Potential drawbacks, un-investigated areas of applications and critical considerations required while preparing new nano-agricultural research are discussed.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Engineered carbon nanomaterials and nanocomposites applications for advancement in nanoagriculture

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Mamata Mohapatra,
  • Madhusmita Panigrahy

摘要

The applications of carbon nanomaterials (CNM) and carbon nanocomposites (CNC) based on carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes, and quantum dots have proved to be the promising tools for smart delivery systems, controlled-release nano-fertilizers, water purification membranes, and sensors for monitoring plant health in agriculture. Varied doses of CNM and CNC with both beneficial and harmful effects makes the research outcomes inconsistent. Clearcut guidelines of beneficial doses, laboratories to field application differences and un-identified arears of research can strengthen researchers’ groundwork. The objective of this review is not only to present recent advancements in application of CNM and CNC in agriculture, but also to critically discusses their effective application concentrations. Present review stating the structural framework of different types of nanomaterials, nanocomposites, CNM, CNC and their basic differences is elucidative. The exemplary discussion on different types of CNM and CNC in agricultural applications for plant growth, yield, stress resilience and environmental applications for improvement of soil–water interface, soil fertility, toxicity remediation will serve as guidelines to attain climate resilient and nutrient efficient agriculture. While beneficial doses at lower concentration (in the range of 100–500 µg/mL) could be effective in hydroponic applications, higher doses (10–100 mg/L) are generally used for foliar applications or priming. Soil or pot applications are effective at similar doses of priming or may even require higher concentrations for effective beneficial effects. Environmental applications may require higher doses (10–100 mg/kg or more) for effect. Potential drawbacks, un-investigated areas of applications and critical considerations required while preparing new nano-agricultural research are discussed.

Graphical Abstract