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<p>Soybean is a vital source of vegetable protein, carbohydrates, oil, and minerals. However, anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) can diminish its nutritional value for monogastric animals, including humans. This study assessed the variability of phytate and trypsin inhibitors in Ugandan soybean germplasm. A total of 308 soybean genotypes were analyzed for yield, phytate, and total trypsin inhibitors (TTI) using spectrophotometric methods. Significant variation was observed for yield, phytate, and TTI levels (p &lt; 0.001). Phytate levels ranged from 14.8&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg⁻<sup>1</sup>(BSPS 48A-6–3) to 6928.8&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg⁻<sup>1</sup>(NGDT 2.15–7), while TTI varied from 14.7&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg⁻<sup>1</sup>(DN 16_N) to 1534.8&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg⁻<sup>1</sup>(Duiker). Using a weighted selection index, the best-performing genotypes, Ux 990–044, Ux 990–102, and S 6.22B, combined high yield with low ANF levels. Broad-sense heritability (H<sup>2</sup>) was 0.68 for phytate, 0.84 for TTI, and 0.08 for yield. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for phytate (203.1%) was significantly higher than the genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) (137.6%), indicating substantial environmental influence, while&#xa0;moderate for TTI&#xa0;(PCV&#xa0;=&#xa0;34.6%;&#xa0;GCV&#xa0;=&#xa0;29.2%). Genetic advance (GA) values were 1667.6&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>⁻1</sup> for phytate and 504.3&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg⁻<sup>1</sup> for TTI, highlighting considerable genetic variability and heritability. These findings have practical implications for breeding programs; the&#xa0; identified genotypes that combine high yield and reduced ANFs can reduce processing costs for food and feed industries while enhancing nutritional security, especially in regions dependent on soybean as a protein source.</p>

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Genetic variability of anti-nutritional factors among soybean (Glycine max.) germplasm

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Norberto Jose Palange,
  • Tonny Obua,
  • Julius Pyton Sserumaga,
  • Enoch Wembabazi,
  • Mildred Ochwo-Ssemakula,
  • Arfang Badji,
  • Ephraim Nuwamanya,
  • Isaac Onziga Dramadri,
  • Richard Edema,
  • Moses Matovu,
  • Sharon Valerie Kweyu,
  • Aurelio Macaringue,
  • Antonio Maquil,
  • Phinehas Tukamuhabwa

摘要

Soybean is a vital source of vegetable protein, carbohydrates, oil, and minerals. However, anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) can diminish its nutritional value for monogastric animals, including humans. This study assessed the variability of phytate and trypsin inhibitors in Ugandan soybean germplasm. A total of 308 soybean genotypes were analyzed for yield, phytate, and total trypsin inhibitors (TTI) using spectrophotometric methods. Significant variation was observed for yield, phytate, and TTI levels (p < 0.001). Phytate levels ranged from 14.8 mg kg⁻1(BSPS 48A-6–3) to 6928.8 mg kg⁻1(NGDT 2.15–7), while TTI varied from 14.7 mg kg⁻1(DN 16_N) to 1534.8 mg kg⁻1(Duiker). Using a weighted selection index, the best-performing genotypes, Ux 990–044, Ux 990–102, and S 6.22B, combined high yield with low ANF levels. Broad-sense heritability (H2) was 0.68 for phytate, 0.84 for TTI, and 0.08 for yield. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for phytate (203.1%) was significantly higher than the genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) (137.6%), indicating substantial environmental influence, while moderate for TTI (PCV = 34.6%; GCV = 29.2%). Genetic advance (GA) values were 1667.6 mg kg⁻1 for phytate and 504.3 mg kg⁻1 for TTI, highlighting considerable genetic variability and heritability. These findings have practical implications for breeding programs; the  identified genotypes that combine high yield and reduced ANFs can reduce processing costs for food and feed industries while enhancing nutritional security, especially in regions dependent on soybean as a protein source.