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<p>Agro-ecological zoning and socio-ecological landscape assessments are essential for designing context-specific interventions in biodiversity-rich landscapes facing climate and anthropogenic pressures. This study combined participatory GIS mapping with socio-ecological resilience assessment in the Yayo Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve (YCFBR), Ethiopia, to characterize agro-ecological zones and evaluate landscape resilience. Data were collected across six woredas using field surveys (n = 25 kebeles), focus group discussions (n = 23 groups), key informant interviews (n = 78), and satellite imagery (Sentinel-2, Landsat 9, SRTM DEM). Supervised land cover classification achieved an overall accuracy of 86.7% (κ = 0.84). Agro-ecological zoning following traditional Ethiopian classification identified two zones present in the study area: Kolla (lowland, 500–1500&#xa0;m, 12.2% of area) and Woina Dega (mid-altitude, 1500–2300&#xa0;m, 87.8% of area). Land cover analysis showed 65.0% forest cover, 35.0% agriculture, and &lt; 0.1% settlement. Socio-ecological resilience assessment across five dimensions (ecosystem protection, agricultural production, knowledge/innovation, livelihoods, and governance) revealed moderate to low resilience scores (range 2.79–3.16 on a 5-point scale). Key threats identified through thematic analysis included forest degradation, wetland conversion, weak policy enforcement, and limited livelihood diversification. Spatial analysis identified a significant negative correlation between agricultural expansion and forest cover (r = − 0.73, p &lt; 0.01). Integrating participatory and geospatial outputs informed a prioritized landscape strategy encompassing 23 climate-smart interventions across the five resilience dimensions. This study demonstrates the value of mixed-method approaches for evidence-based landscape planning in UNESCO Man and Biosphere reserves and provides a framework for integrated socio-ecological assessment in tropical forest-agriculture mosaics.</p>

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Participatory agro-ecological zoning and socio-ecological landscape resilience assessment in the Yayo Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve, Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月21日

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  • Samuel Taye,
  • Chaluma Kicha,
  • Fekadu Mekonnen,
  • Endashew Mogessie

摘要

Agro-ecological zoning and socio-ecological landscape assessments are essential for designing context-specific interventions in biodiversity-rich landscapes facing climate and anthropogenic pressures. This study combined participatory GIS mapping with socio-ecological resilience assessment in the Yayo Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve (YCFBR), Ethiopia, to characterize agro-ecological zones and evaluate landscape resilience. Data were collected across six woredas using field surveys (n = 25 kebeles), focus group discussions (n = 23 groups), key informant interviews (n = 78), and satellite imagery (Sentinel-2, Landsat 9, SRTM DEM). Supervised land cover classification achieved an overall accuracy of 86.7% (κ = 0.84). Agro-ecological zoning following traditional Ethiopian classification identified two zones present in the study area: Kolla (lowland, 500–1500 m, 12.2% of area) and Woina Dega (mid-altitude, 1500–2300 m, 87.8% of area). Land cover analysis showed 65.0% forest cover, 35.0% agriculture, and < 0.1% settlement. Socio-ecological resilience assessment across five dimensions (ecosystem protection, agricultural production, knowledge/innovation, livelihoods, and governance) revealed moderate to low resilience scores (range 2.79–3.16 on a 5-point scale). Key threats identified through thematic analysis included forest degradation, wetland conversion, weak policy enforcement, and limited livelihood diversification. Spatial analysis identified a significant negative correlation between agricultural expansion and forest cover (r = − 0.73, p < 0.01). Integrating participatory and geospatial outputs informed a prioritized landscape strategy encompassing 23 climate-smart interventions across the five resilience dimensions. This study demonstrates the value of mixed-method approaches for evidence-based landscape planning in UNESCO Man and Biosphere reserves and provides a framework for integrated socio-ecological assessment in tropical forest-agriculture mosaics.