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<p>Many wastewater treatment plants do not incorporate advanced nutrient removal technologies, resulting in only partial removal of nitrogen and phosphorus during primary and secondary treatment. This poses risks to receiving water bodies. This study evaluates the effectiveness of&#xa0;a pilot institutional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)&#xa0;at JOOUST and its impact on a receiving stream. Such&#xa0;decentralized, pond-based systems are common in Kenyan institutions and serve a critical role in managing sewage in areas lacking centralized municipal infrastructure. Key water quality parameters including nutrient concentrations (Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP)), Microbial abundance, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity and temperature were measured at various points: treatment ponds, upstream (S1), midstream (S2) and downstream (S3). Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS and Excel, with significance tested via one-way ANOVA at P &lt; 0.05. Results showed nutrient removal efficiencies of 90.39% for TN and 67.11% for TP, indicating the system's effectiveness. Colony-forming units (CFUs) decreased along the treatment sequence, showing reduced microbial contamination. Downstream reductions in total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS) suggested dilution and settling. However, downstream TP of 1483.3&#xa0;µg/L remained above recommended standards, indicating ongoing pollution. While DO and pH remained within the regulatory standards downstream, persistent nutrient levels highlight the need for advanced treatment and regular monitoring to protect aquatic ecosystems and ensure safe discharge.</p>

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A pilot institutional sewage water treatment plant (WWTP) and its impact on receiving stream in Siaya County of Kenya

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • John M. Nyongesa,
  • Ernest K. Ronoh,
  • Dorah A. Oula,
  • Antony M. Pembere,
  • Fanuel Kawaka,
  • Ebenezer A. Iyiola,
  • Yuelin Li

摘要

Many wastewater treatment plants do not incorporate advanced nutrient removal technologies, resulting in only partial removal of nitrogen and phosphorus during primary and secondary treatment. This poses risks to receiving water bodies. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a pilot institutional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) at JOOUST and its impact on a receiving stream. Such decentralized, pond-based systems are common in Kenyan institutions and serve a critical role in managing sewage in areas lacking centralized municipal infrastructure. Key water quality parameters including nutrient concentrations (Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP)), Microbial abundance, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity and temperature were measured at various points: treatment ponds, upstream (S1), midstream (S2) and downstream (S3). Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS and Excel, with significance tested via one-way ANOVA at P < 0.05. Results showed nutrient removal efficiencies of 90.39% for TN and 67.11% for TP, indicating the system's effectiveness. Colony-forming units (CFUs) decreased along the treatment sequence, showing reduced microbial contamination. Downstream reductions in total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS) suggested dilution and settling. However, downstream TP of 1483.3 µg/L remained above recommended standards, indicating ongoing pollution. While DO and pH remained within the regulatory standards downstream, persistent nutrient levels highlight the need for advanced treatment and regular monitoring to protect aquatic ecosystems and ensure safe discharge.