<p>The increasing focus on sustainability in architecture necessitates a detailed understanding of materials and selection processes, particularly in residential projects. Sustainable residential architecture integrates environmental stewardship, economic feasibility, and social responsibility to create durable, eco-friendly living spaces. This research provides an in-depth exploration of principles and methodologies for selecting sustainable materials in residential architectural projects. The research surveyed 647 participants, including architects, builders, and environmental specialists, capturing diverse perspectives. A mixed-method approach using SPSS 28.0 was employed: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) identified underlying dimensions of material selection, regression models quantified factor impacts, and additional tools including ANOVA, correlation tests, ranking, and sensitivity analysis prioritized variables. Results showed that thermal performance was highly significant in ANOVA (F = 15.72, <i>p</i> = 0.0003), while material availability strongly correlated with cost-efficiency (<i>r</i> = 0.85). Sensitivity analysis indicated material availability as the most influential factor (factor score = 0.85), and ranking tests highlighted low carbon footprint as the top priority (27.0%). In EFA the Environmental (Ecological Impact, loading = 0.87), Economic-Performance (Material Availability, loading = 0.86), and Social-Cultural (Aesthetic Value, loading = 0.83).Regression analysis identified durability as the strongest predictor of material sustainability (β = 0.60, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, R² = 0.68). These findings emphasize the central role of informed material selection in balancing performance, cost, and environmental impact. By presenting a structured framework, it equips professionals with practical guidelines for sustainable design, aligning with the principles of sustainable development.</p>