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<p>This<?tk 2?> study investigates the multi-objective optimization of WEDM process parameters to machine Inconel X-751 using analysis named Grey Relational (GRA) and VIKOR integrated with Entropy-based weighting. The experimental investigation were carried out using a Taguchi L27 orthogonal array by considering five major key WEDM parameters namely Ton (pulse on time), Toff (pulse off time), WF (Wire Feed), Vg (Gap Voltage), and Ip (peak current). Each experimental parameter was tested at three different levels. Material Removal Rate (MRR) and Surface Roughness (Ra) were selected as the primary machining responses. Experimental machining was performed on a precision WEDM setup, followed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis to investigate the phase evolution and oxide formation characteristics developed on the machined surface after the WEDM process. The integration of Entropy weightage ensured objective evaluation of the response importance, while GRA and VIKOR provided complementary optimization approaches. The optimal combination of WEDM parameters (Ton = 70&#xa0;µs, Toff = 4&#xa0;µs, Ip = 2 A, GV = 55&#xa0;V, and WF = 70&#xa0;mm/min) resulted in maximum machining performance by providing higher material removal rate along with improved surface finish. ANOVA analysis indicated that pulse-on time and peak current were the most influential parameters affecting machining performance. XRD characterization confirmed the retention of the γ-Ni matrix phase with minor oxide formation under higher discharge conditions, indicating limited thermal oxidation and stable surface integrity. The findings demonstrate that the combined application of Entropy-weighted GRA and VIKOR provides an effective and statistically reliable framework for multi-objective optimization of WEDM parameters in machining difficult-to-machine superalloys such as Inconel X-751.<?tk 0?></p>

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Multi response optimization of WEDM parameters for Inconel X751 using XRD surface phase analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Pravin Kumar Mishra,
  • Tarun Soota

摘要

This study investigates the multi-objective optimization of WEDM process parameters to machine Inconel X-751 using analysis named Grey Relational (GRA) and VIKOR integrated with Entropy-based weighting. The experimental investigation were carried out using a Taguchi L27 orthogonal array by considering five major key WEDM parameters namely Ton (pulse on time), Toff (pulse off time), WF (Wire Feed), Vg (Gap Voltage), and Ip (peak current). Each experimental parameter was tested at three different levels. Material Removal Rate (MRR) and Surface Roughness (Ra) were selected as the primary machining responses. Experimental machining was performed on a precision WEDM setup, followed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis to investigate the phase evolution and oxide formation characteristics developed on the machined surface after the WEDM process. The integration of Entropy weightage ensured objective evaluation of the response importance, while GRA and VIKOR provided complementary optimization approaches. The optimal combination of WEDM parameters (Ton = 70 µs, Toff = 4 µs, Ip = 2 A, GV = 55 V, and WF = 70 mm/min) resulted in maximum machining performance by providing higher material removal rate along with improved surface finish. ANOVA analysis indicated that pulse-on time and peak current were the most influential parameters affecting machining performance. XRD characterization confirmed the retention of the γ-Ni matrix phase with minor oxide formation under higher discharge conditions, indicating limited thermal oxidation and stable surface integrity. The findings demonstrate that the combined application of Entropy-weighted GRA and VIKOR provides an effective and statistically reliable framework for multi-objective optimization of WEDM parameters in machining difficult-to-machine superalloys such as Inconel X-751.