<p>The provision of high-quality educational data and information through the effective implementation of an Education Management Information System (EMIS) is vital in contemporary educational management. However, little is known in the literature about the effectiveness of its implementation in developing countries, including Ethiopia. The purpose of the current study was thus to explore the effectiveness of EMIS implementation in Ethiopia based on data generated from the Ministry of Education and the National Regional State of Oromia. The study considered the people, processes, and technology (PPT) theoretical framework for the effectiveness of information system implementation. To collect the qualitative data, five interviews and eighteen focus group discussions were conducted. The participants were 119 (5 interviewees and 114 focus group discussion members) at different levels of the education system. A thematic data analysis was applied, from which two main and six sub-themes emerged. The findings showed that EMIS implementation in the study context is weak because the original framework didn’t consider the importance of financial resources, which led to a shortage of skilled manpower and inadequate technology infrastructure. We concluded that the effectiveness of EMIS implementation requires not only the right people, processes, and technology but also adequate financial resources. We proposed a modified EMIS implementation framework (people, process, technology, and finance) that is applicable in Ethiopia and in countries with similar contexts. The study recommended conducting a quantitative study to determine the most crucial component for the effectiveness of EMIS implementation in developing countries.</p>