<p>Nanopore sensors have been used as ultrasensitive tools for single-particle detection based on ionic current measurement. This simple, yet powerful technique allows researchers to acquire various physical properties of individual particles in a label-free manner. This mini-review describes the recent progress in nanopore technology demonstrated by our group. We first focus on the major advancements in nanopore architecture contributing to high-spatial resolution, followed by the detection strategy designed for long-term analysis. Then, we summarize the application of nanopore technology in infection diagnosis using machine learning. Following that, we discuss its potential for gene therapy, facilitated by high spatial resolution. Furthermore, we also highlighted potential applications of next-generation nanopore technology that contribute to a healthier future.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>