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Background <p>Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub>) is a vascular-specific inflammatory enzyme implicated in atherosclerosis. However, its relationship with arterial stiffness and subclinical disease across sexes remains unclear in aging populations.</p> Objective <p>To investigate the sex-specific association between Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub>, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged and older adults.</p> Methods <p>We analyzed 1,031 adults aged ≥ 45 years (607 men and 424 women) from a community-based health screening cohort. Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub> levels were compared across sex-specific tertiles. Correlations between baPWV and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using linear regression.</p> Results <p>Men had higher Lp-PLA₂ levels than women (615.25 ± 156.61 vs. 559.24 ± 127.50 IU/L, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001); moreover, a significant correlation between baPWV and Lp-PLA₂ (<i>p</i> = 0.007) was only observed in women. Fasting glucose (β = −0.110, <i>p</i> = 0.027) and baPWV (β = 0.226, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were independent predictors of Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub> levels in women. In receiver operating characteristics analysis, an Lp-PLA₂ cut-off of 550.5 IU/L predicted subclinical atherosclerosis in women with 73.6% sensitivity. No significant correlations were found in men.</p> Conclusion <p>Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub> is independently associated with arterial stiffness in aging women but not in men. Combined assessment of Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub> and baPWV may enhance early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in women and support sex-specific risk stratification strategies in cardiovascular disease prevention.</p>

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Sex-Specific Association Between Lp-PLA2 and Arterial Stiffness: A Cross-sectional Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月1日

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  • Yi-Hsuan Chen,
  • Wen-Cheng Li,
  • Chia-Wei Lu,
  • Yi-Chuan Chen

摘要

Background

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a vascular-specific inflammatory enzyme implicated in atherosclerosis. However, its relationship with arterial stiffness and subclinical disease across sexes remains unclear in aging populations.

Objective

To investigate the sex-specific association between Lp-PLA2, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

We analyzed 1,031 adults aged ≥ 45 years (607 men and 424 women) from a community-based health screening cohort. Lp-PLA2 levels were compared across sex-specific tertiles. Correlations between baPWV and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using linear regression.

Results

Men had higher Lp-PLA₂ levels than women (615.25 ± 156.61 vs. 559.24 ± 127.50 IU/L, p < 0.001); moreover, a significant correlation between baPWV and Lp-PLA₂ (p = 0.007) was only observed in women. Fasting glucose (β = −0.110, p = 0.027) and baPWV (β = 0.226, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of Lp-PLA2 levels in women. In receiver operating characteristics analysis, an Lp-PLA₂ cut-off of 550.5 IU/L predicted subclinical atherosclerosis in women with 73.6% sensitivity. No significant correlations were found in men.

Conclusion

Lp-PLA2 is independently associated with arterial stiffness in aging women but not in men. Combined assessment of Lp-PLA2 and baPWV may enhance early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in women and support sex-specific risk stratification strategies in cardiovascular disease prevention.