<p><b>Purpose</b>: A health-literate population can utilise healthcare resources more efficiently and thereby improve their own health. However, there is a lack of studies on the literature used during childhood. Therefore, this study examines on a theoretical-literary basis whether the children's book “Karius and Baktus” as medium is suitable for learning from the Albert Bandura model in the dental context and can be considered as a starting point for further empirical studies.</p><p><b>Methods</b>: Methodologically, a literary analysis is carried out, in which common literary and illustrative design elements of the story are considered. In addition, the development of the story with several versions is included.</p><p><b>Result</b>: The analysis concludes that the story is an understandable explanatory model. The names Karius and Baktus, as symbols for bacterial caries, are widely known among the population. Their habitat leads to the perception of the mouth as a part of the body. The functional separation of the story into showing and telling leads to dramatic staging without fuelling children's fears. The presentation as a picture book with a colouring style is suitable for children. The mixed genre appeals to the target audience in many ways. The melody and rhymes of the included songs strengthen the memory process. Finally, the book also offers socially critical aspects that remind parents as secondary addressees of their duty of care.</p><p><b>Conclusion</b>: In the analysis carried out, many aspects appear suitable for using “Karius and Baktus” as a medium for imparting know-ledge. Building on this, further empirical studies with story variations are necessary to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of individual elements. For existing prophylaxis concepts, the use of literature about dental health offers an opportunity to attract attention and, when used in social institutions, to appeal to the wider community. </p>