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Background <p>Walnut (<i>Juglans regia L.</i>) is a widely distributed medicinal and nutritional plant rich in diverse bioactive compounds. It exhibits diverse phytopharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective effects.</p> Objectives <p>To evaluate the ethnobotanical knowledge, phytochemical composition, and phytopharmacological activities of <i>Juglans regia</i>.</p> Methods <p>A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Studies published between 2000 and 2025 were reviewed, including in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research. Data were extracted on plant parts, bioactive compounds, doses, and biological effects. The findings were synthesized qualitatively.</p> Results <p>This review showed that evidence from experimental and clinical studies demonstrates that <i>Juglans regia</i> exhibits diverse biological activities. Evidence from preclinical studies suggests that walnut-derived peptides may increase the seizure threshold in mice, while walnut kernel extracts have demonstrated protective effects in animal models of seizures. Green husk extracts have shown antifungal activity against <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>, as well as antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>. Additionally, emerging evidence supports the anticancer and neuroprotective potential of walnut-derived compounds.</p> Conclusion <p>Walnut compounds show promising health benefits, especially for heart protection, with effects partly explained by differences in bioavailability. Standardized, well-designed clinical trials using well-characterized extracts are required to confirm therapeutic efficacy and optimize translational application.</p>

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Phytopharmacological activities and translational evidence of Juglans regia L. from experimental studies to clinical insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Gudisa Bereda,
  • Javed Ahamad,
  • Havi Abdulkareem Ahmed

摘要

Background

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a widely distributed medicinal and nutritional plant rich in diverse bioactive compounds. It exhibits diverse phytopharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective effects.

Objectives

To evaluate the ethnobotanical knowledge, phytochemical composition, and phytopharmacological activities of Juglans regia.

Methods

A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Studies published between 2000 and 2025 were reviewed, including in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research. Data were extracted on plant parts, bioactive compounds, doses, and biological effects. The findings were synthesized qualitatively.

Results

This review showed that evidence from experimental and clinical studies demonstrates that Juglans regia exhibits diverse biological activities. Evidence from preclinical studies suggests that walnut-derived peptides may increase the seizure threshold in mice, while walnut kernel extracts have demonstrated protective effects in animal models of seizures. Green husk extracts have shown antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Candida albicans, as well as antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Helicobacter pylori. Additionally, emerging evidence supports the anticancer and neuroprotective potential of walnut-derived compounds.

Conclusion

Walnut compounds show promising health benefits, especially for heart protection, with effects partly explained by differences in bioavailability. Standardized, well-designed clinical trials using well-characterized extracts are required to confirm therapeutic efficacy and optimize translational application.