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<p><i>Tribolium castaneum</i> and <i>Sitophilus oryzae</i> are listed among the most destructive pests of stored grains. Although synthetic insecticides and fumigants are commonly employed for their control, plant-based formulations offer safer, and eco-friendly alternatives. The aim of the current study was to explore the insecticidal potential of three aromatic plants against stored grain pests. <i>Artemisia scoparia</i>, <i>Seriphidium brevifolium</i>, and <i>Salvia yangii</i> were extracted using steam distillation and macerated in hexane and methanol, and their chemical compositions were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The insecticidal activity of plant essential oils (EOs) and solvent extracts was evaluated against laboratory-reared <i>T. castaneum</i> and <i>S. oryzae</i> using a fumigation bioassay. <i>A. scoparia</i> EO showed the highest insecticidal activity with LC<sub>50</sub> of 7.4&#xa0;mg/L and 5.3&#xa0;mg/L against <i>T. castaneum</i> and <i>S. oryzae</i>, respectively, after 12&#xa0;h exposure. The LC<sub>50</sub> of <i>S. brevifolium</i> was 21.1&#xa0;mg/L and 2.9&#xa0;mg/L against <i>T. castaneum</i> and <i>S. oryzae</i>, respectively, after 12&#xa0;h exposure. Compared to their respective EOs, plant solvent extracts exhibited lower bioactivity; however, the methanolic extract of <i>S. brevifolium</i> showed notable insecticidal activity against <i>T. castaneum</i> and <i>S. oryzae</i>. The major constituents found in <i>A. scoparia</i> EO were capillene (38.3%), γ-terpinene (19.3%), and β-myrcene (17.2%). The EO of <i>S. brevifolium</i> comprised camphor (31.6%), eucalyptol (29.3%), and thujone (9.9%). EOs and methanolic extracts of <i>A. scoparia</i> and <i>S. brevifolium</i> demonstrated the highest fumigant toxicity against <i>T. castaneum</i> and <i>S. oryzae</i>, highlighting their potential as botanical pest control agents to protect stored grains.</p>

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Chemical composition of essential oils and solvent extracts of Artemisia scoparia, Seriphidium brevifolium, and Salvia yangii and their comparative fumigant toxicity against stored-grain pests Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Fawad Ali,
  • Marryam Qureshi,
  • Muhammad Mumtaz,
  • Komal Abbasi,
  • Muhammad Binyameen,
  • Hesham R. El-Seedi,
  • Anna Karin Borg-Karlson,
  • Raimondas Mozūratis,
  • Muhammad Azeem

摘要

Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae are listed among the most destructive pests of stored grains. Although synthetic insecticides and fumigants are commonly employed for their control, plant-based formulations offer safer, and eco-friendly alternatives. The aim of the current study was to explore the insecticidal potential of three aromatic plants against stored grain pests. Artemisia scoparia, Seriphidium brevifolium, and Salvia yangii were extracted using steam distillation and macerated in hexane and methanol, and their chemical compositions were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The insecticidal activity of plant essential oils (EOs) and solvent extracts was evaluated against laboratory-reared T. castaneum and S. oryzae using a fumigation bioassay. A. scoparia EO showed the highest insecticidal activity with LC50 of 7.4 mg/L and 5.3 mg/L against T. castaneum and S. oryzae, respectively, after 12 h exposure. The LC50 of S. brevifolium was 21.1 mg/L and 2.9 mg/L against T. castaneum and S. oryzae, respectively, after 12 h exposure. Compared to their respective EOs, plant solvent extracts exhibited lower bioactivity; however, the methanolic extract of S. brevifolium showed notable insecticidal activity against T. castaneum and S. oryzae. The major constituents found in A. scoparia EO were capillene (38.3%), γ-terpinene (19.3%), and β-myrcene (17.2%). The EO of S. brevifolium comprised camphor (31.6%), eucalyptol (29.3%), and thujone (9.9%). EOs and methanolic extracts of A. scoparia and S. brevifolium demonstrated the highest fumigant toxicity against T. castaneum and S. oryzae, highlighting their potential as botanical pest control agents to protect stored grains.