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<p>In recent years, nanotechnology has gained recognition as a promising field for developing nanoscale materials with enhanced functional properties. This novel study presents an economical and eco-friendly method for synthesizing magnesium-copper oxide nanoparticles (Mg–CuONPs) using <i>Argemone mexicana</i> leaf extract. The formation of Mg–CuONPs was confirmed by UV–Visible spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed the presence of functional groups from phytochemicals that served as both reducing and stabilizing agents, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline structure. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) analysis affirmed the spherical morphology with an average particle size of 23.98&#xa0;nm, and zeta potential analysis revealed a negative surface charge (– 10 mV). The biosynthesized Mg–CuONPs displayed the highest significant antioxidant activity of ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) of 80.93 ± 1.27% scavenging at a concentration of 200&#xa0;µg/mL. The Mg–CuONPs exhibit considerable anti-inflammatory effects on Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) of 85.63 ± 1.43%. They also showed significant inhibitory effects in the anti-cholinesterase assay against Acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) of 74.38 ± 1.25%. Additionally, Mg–CuONPs demonstrated remarkable antidiabetic activity through α-amylase (82.17 ± 1.46%) inhibition. Moreover, cytotoxicity studies indicated a decrease in cell viability (30.56 ± 0.83%) at 200&#xa0;µg/mL against HT-29 colon cancer cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that Mg–CuONPs synthesized via a bio-green method possess significant antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-cholinesterase, and cytotoxic activities, positioning them as promising candidates for future biomedical applications.</p>

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Biogenic Synthesis of Mg–CuO Nanoparticles Using Argemone mexicana (L.) Extract and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant, Anti-cholinesterase, Antidiabetic and Cytotoxic Activities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • Judith Rashma L,
  • Manickam Rajkumar,
  • S. I. Davis Presley,
  • Antony Ajisha

摘要

In recent years, nanotechnology has gained recognition as a promising field for developing nanoscale materials with enhanced functional properties. This novel study presents an economical and eco-friendly method for synthesizing magnesium-copper oxide nanoparticles (Mg–CuONPs) using Argemone mexicana leaf extract. The formation of Mg–CuONPs was confirmed by UV–Visible spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed the presence of functional groups from phytochemicals that served as both reducing and stabilizing agents, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline structure. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) analysis affirmed the spherical morphology with an average particle size of 23.98 nm, and zeta potential analysis revealed a negative surface charge (– 10 mV). The biosynthesized Mg–CuONPs displayed the highest significant antioxidant activity of ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) of 80.93 ± 1.27% scavenging at a concentration of 200 µg/mL. The Mg–CuONPs exhibit considerable anti-inflammatory effects on Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) of 85.63 ± 1.43%. They also showed significant inhibitory effects in the anti-cholinesterase assay against Acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) of 74.38 ± 1.25%. Additionally, Mg–CuONPs demonstrated remarkable antidiabetic activity through α-amylase (82.17 ± 1.46%) inhibition. Moreover, cytotoxicity studies indicated a decrease in cell viability (30.56 ± 0.83%) at 200 µg/mL against HT-29 colon cancer cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that Mg–CuONPs synthesized via a bio-green method possess significant antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-cholinesterase, and cytotoxic activities, positioning them as promising candidates for future biomedical applications.