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<p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by sustained hyperglycemia and associated complications. Limitations in existing insulin and oral hypoglycemic therapies—such as poor bioavailability, frequent dosing, adverse effects, and poor patient compliance—necessitate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Nanocomposite-based systems have emerged as promising tools for addressing these challenges through controlled, targeted, and stimuli-responsive drug delivery. Metallic, polymeric, carbon-based, and hybrid nanocomposites have demonstrated the ability to stabilize insulin, enable glucose-responsive release, and enhance pharmacological stability in preclinical studies. Beyond drug delivery, nanocomposites contribute to biosensing and regenerative medicine, supporting the development of highly sensitive glucose sensors and wound-healing scaffolds that promote tissue regeneration in diabetic models. However, these promising outcomes remain largely limited to in vitro and animal investigations. Long-term biocompatibility, large-scale manufacturing, and regulatory challenges continue to restrict clinical translation. Future progress depends on standardized synthesis, detailed toxicological evaluation, and interdisciplinary research integrating bioengineering and computational design. With cautious and evidence-driven advancement, nanocomposite technologies may become valuable adjuncts for diabetes management, improving therapeutic precision, patient compliance, and long-term disease control.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Multifunctional Nanocomposites in Experimental Diabetes Management: Biomaterials, Glucose Sensing, and Regenerative Approaches

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Saranya Balasubramaniyam,
  • Thirumalaikumaran Rathinam,
  • Mohanakrishnan Srinivasan,
  • Harish Veeraswamy Himayavendhan

摘要

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by sustained hyperglycemia and associated complications. Limitations in existing insulin and oral hypoglycemic therapies—such as poor bioavailability, frequent dosing, adverse effects, and poor patient compliance—necessitate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Nanocomposite-based systems have emerged as promising tools for addressing these challenges through controlled, targeted, and stimuli-responsive drug delivery. Metallic, polymeric, carbon-based, and hybrid nanocomposites have demonstrated the ability to stabilize insulin, enable glucose-responsive release, and enhance pharmacological stability in preclinical studies. Beyond drug delivery, nanocomposites contribute to biosensing and regenerative medicine, supporting the development of highly sensitive glucose sensors and wound-healing scaffolds that promote tissue regeneration in diabetic models. However, these promising outcomes remain largely limited to in vitro and animal investigations. Long-term biocompatibility, large-scale manufacturing, and regulatory challenges continue to restrict clinical translation. Future progress depends on standardized synthesis, detailed toxicological evaluation, and interdisciplinary research integrating bioengineering and computational design. With cautious and evidence-driven advancement, nanocomposite technologies may become valuable adjuncts for diabetes management, improving therapeutic precision, patient compliance, and long-term disease control.

Graphical Abstract