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<p>Biofilm formation on urinary catheters is a critical clinical challenge, particularly with the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). This study evaluated the antibiofilm potential of <i>Acrophialophora fusispora</i> DAOL8, an endophytic fungus isolated from the mangrove plant <i>Avicennia officinalis</i>, against strong biofilm-forming CAUTI pathogens. Antibiofilm activity was determined by agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time kill kinetics assays. The potent&#xa0;culture was&#xa0;optimized using RSM by&#xa0;four factors namely,&#xa0;seawater, temperature, dextrose, and potato extract to enhance metabolite production. Among 10 isolates, DAOL8 exhibited the largest inhibition zones: <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> (32 ± 0.5&#xa0;mm), <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (30 ± 0.7&#xa0;mm), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (29 ± 0.6&#xa0;mm), and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (27 ± 0.4&#xa0;mm), with extracellular crude extract (ECC) showing significantly higher activity than intracellular crude extract (ICC) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). MIC values for ECC ranged from 100–200&#xa0;µg/mL and MBC values from 200–400&#xa0;µg/mL. Time kill kinetics demonstrated dose-dependent bacterial inhibition, with complete killing observed at 400&#xa0;µg/mL within 20–25&#xa0;h. GC–MS and FT-IR analyses identified phenolic compounds, fatty acid derivatives, and terpenoids associated with antimicrobial activity. These findings highlight <i>Acrophialophora fusispora</i> DAOL8 holds promise as a natural source of antibiofilm agents for combating MDR pathogens in catheterized patients.</p>

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Antimicrobial Efficacy of Bioactive Metabolites from Acrophialophora Fusispora Against CAUTIs Pathogens

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Gururajan Dharshan Priya,
  • Velmurugan Gopikavarshani,
  • Elumalai Lokesh,
  • Venkatachalam Manikandan,
  • Ghorai Mimosa,
  • Velu Pavithra,
  • Dorairaj Arvind Prasanth

摘要

Biofilm formation on urinary catheters is a critical clinical challenge, particularly with the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). This study evaluated the antibiofilm potential of Acrophialophora fusispora DAOL8, an endophytic fungus isolated from the mangrove plant Avicennia officinalis, against strong biofilm-forming CAUTI pathogens. Antibiofilm activity was determined by agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time kill kinetics assays. The potent culture was optimized using RSM by four factors namely, seawater, temperature, dextrose, and potato extract to enhance metabolite production. Among 10 isolates, DAOL8 exhibited the largest inhibition zones: Proteus mirabilis (32 ± 0.5 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30 ± 0.7 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (29 ± 0.6 mm), and Escherichia coli (27 ± 0.4 mm), with extracellular crude extract (ECC) showing significantly higher activity than intracellular crude extract (ICC) (p < 0.05). MIC values for ECC ranged from 100–200 µg/mL and MBC values from 200–400 µg/mL. Time kill kinetics demonstrated dose-dependent bacterial inhibition, with complete killing observed at 400 µg/mL within 20–25 h. GC–MS and FT-IR analyses identified phenolic compounds, fatty acid derivatives, and terpenoids associated with antimicrobial activity. These findings highlight Acrophialophora fusispora DAOL8 holds promise as a natural source of antibiofilm agents for combating MDR pathogens in catheterized patients.