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Background <p>Smartphone addiction has emerged as a growing public health concern among university students and is linked to poor posture and repetitive movements. These habits contribute to musculoskeletal pain affecting the neck, shoulders, and upper extremities.</p> Methods <p>This analytical cross-sectional study surveyed MBBS and BDS students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa using a structured questionnaire comprising demographics, SAS-SV, QuickDASH, and VRS. Data were analyzed in SPSS v27.0.</p> Results <p>A total of 374 students participated. High addiction risk smartphone users reported significantly higher daily use, SAS-SV, and QuickDASH scores (all <i>p</i> &lt; .001). Musculoskeletal pain was more frequent among high risk users, with significant differences in shoulder (<i>p</i> = .042) and wrist/hand pain (<i>p</i> = .043). Logistic regression showed age, gender, daily use, perceived impact, and SAS-SV scores as significantly associated with pain in multiple regions among high risk users. In low addiction risk smartphone users, only SAS-SV scores and selected pain sites (lower back, wrist) showed significant associations. QuickDASH disability scores were significantly associated with SAS-SV and elbow pain in low risk users, and with female gender and multiple pain sites in high risk users.</p> Conclusion <p>High addiction risk users among medical students are significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain and upper extremity disability, especially in the shoulders and wrists. Preventive strategies such as ergonomic education, early screening, and awareness are essential to reduce these health risks.</p>

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Musculoskeletal pain and upper extremity disability in relation to smartphone addiction risk among medical students of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Muhammad Maaz,
  • Mohib Ullah,
  • Maryum Tahir,
  • Saira Amir,
  • Muhammad Haisam Khan,
  • Miraj Ahmad

摘要

Background

Smartphone addiction has emerged as a growing public health concern among university students and is linked to poor posture and repetitive movements. These habits contribute to musculoskeletal pain affecting the neck, shoulders, and upper extremities.

Methods

This analytical cross-sectional study surveyed MBBS and BDS students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa using a structured questionnaire comprising demographics, SAS-SV, QuickDASH, and VRS. Data were analyzed in SPSS v27.0.

Results

A total of 374 students participated. High addiction risk smartphone users reported significantly higher daily use, SAS-SV, and QuickDASH scores (all p < .001). Musculoskeletal pain was more frequent among high risk users, with significant differences in shoulder (p = .042) and wrist/hand pain (p = .043). Logistic regression showed age, gender, daily use, perceived impact, and SAS-SV scores as significantly associated with pain in multiple regions among high risk users. In low addiction risk smartphone users, only SAS-SV scores and selected pain sites (lower back, wrist) showed significant associations. QuickDASH disability scores were significantly associated with SAS-SV and elbow pain in low risk users, and with female gender and multiple pain sites in high risk users.

Conclusion

High addiction risk users among medical students are significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain and upper extremity disability, especially in the shoulders and wrists. Preventive strategies such as ergonomic education, early screening, and awareness are essential to reduce these health risks.