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<p>Soil salinization and alkalization have become an increasingly severe global issues, significantly limiting both the yield and quality of apples (<i>Malus</i> × <i>domestica</i>). M9-T337 is a widely used apple dwarfing rootstock; however, it is sensitive to saline-alkali stress. Therefore, developing saline-alkali tolerant apple rootstocks is essential. In this study, we utilized RNAi (RNA interference) technology to knock down <i>GH3</i> genes in the M9-T337 background, aiming to engineer a dwarfing and stress-tolerant apple rootstock. We found that <i>MdGH3</i> RNAi plants exhibited superior morphology compared to M9-T337 under saline-alkali stress conditions, characterized by more robust root systems, increased plant height, a lower Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> ratio, and enhanced photosynthetic and antioxidant capacities. Moreover, when <i>MdGH3</i> RNAi plants were used as rootstocks, the GL-3/<i>MdGH3</i> RNAi plants also displayed greater plant height, root vitality, photosynthetic ability, and antioxidant capacity compared to GL-3 grafted onto M9-T337 rootstock. Taken together, our study constructed a saline-alkali-tolerant apple rootstock by knocking down <i>MdGH3</i> genes.</p>

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Engineering saline-alkali-tolerant apple rootstock by knocking down MdGH3 genes in M9-T337

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月23日

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  • Fang Zhi,
  • Tianle Fan,
  • Jia Li,
  • Shuo Zhang,
  • Qian Qian,
  • Arij Khalil,
  • Chundong Niu,
  • Kun Wang,
  • Fengwang Ma,
  • Xuewei Li,
  • Qingmei Guan

摘要

Soil salinization and alkalization have become an increasingly severe global issues, significantly limiting both the yield and quality of apples (Malus × domestica). M9-T337 is a widely used apple dwarfing rootstock; however, it is sensitive to saline-alkali stress. Therefore, developing saline-alkali tolerant apple rootstocks is essential. In this study, we utilized RNAi (RNA interference) technology to knock down GH3 genes in the M9-T337 background, aiming to engineer a dwarfing and stress-tolerant apple rootstock. We found that MdGH3 RNAi plants exhibited superior morphology compared to M9-T337 under saline-alkali stress conditions, characterized by more robust root systems, increased plant height, a lower Na+/K+ ratio, and enhanced photosynthetic and antioxidant capacities. Moreover, when MdGH3 RNAi plants were used as rootstocks, the GL-3/MdGH3 RNAi plants also displayed greater plant height, root vitality, photosynthetic ability, and antioxidant capacity compared to GL-3 grafted onto M9-T337 rootstock. Taken together, our study constructed a saline-alkali-tolerant apple rootstock by knocking down MdGH3 genes.