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<p>Persistent thermal discomfort and elevated cooling loads challenge residential buildings in hot arid climates due to excessive solar heat gain through building envelopes. This study aims to evaluates and compares the thermal performance of direct and indirect green wall systems for reducing indoor air temperatures in a mid-rise residential building with 12&#xa0;cm red brick façade during peak summer conditions in Aswan, Egypt. Field measurements using HD2003 ultrasonic anemometer and HOBO sensors captured hourly indoor and outdoor temperatures, processed through Climate Consultant 6.0 and used to calibrate DesignBuilder thermal models validated against measured field data. Under extreme thermal conditions (outdoor peak 45.17&#xa0;°C), the baseline brick wall with plaster provided a negligible temperature reduction. The direct green wall achieved modest average indoor cooling of 1.55&#xa0;°C (maximum 2.19&#xa0;°C), while the indirect green wall with a ventilated cavity delivered substantially superior average reduction of 3.59&#xa0;°C, peaking at 6.04&#xa0;°C. During critical afternoon hours (13:00–17:00), the indirect system outperformed the direct by 3.30&#xa0;°C on average. Although neither system alone achieved ASHRAE 55 comfort thresholds (24–27&#xa0;°C), indirect green walls significantly outperformed direct façades through combined shading and evapotranspiration mechanisms, demonstrating substantial potential to reduce cooling loads and enhance occupant comfort in hot arid residential contexts.</p>

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Thermal performance evaluation of vertical greening systems for residential buildings in hot arid climates

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Mohab Taher Abdelfatah,
  • Menatallah Assem Elkholy

摘要

Persistent thermal discomfort and elevated cooling loads challenge residential buildings in hot arid climates due to excessive solar heat gain through building envelopes. This study aims to evaluates and compares the thermal performance of direct and indirect green wall systems for reducing indoor air temperatures in a mid-rise residential building with 12 cm red brick façade during peak summer conditions in Aswan, Egypt. Field measurements using HD2003 ultrasonic anemometer and HOBO sensors captured hourly indoor and outdoor temperatures, processed through Climate Consultant 6.0 and used to calibrate DesignBuilder thermal models validated against measured field data. Under extreme thermal conditions (outdoor peak 45.17 °C), the baseline brick wall with plaster provided a negligible temperature reduction. The direct green wall achieved modest average indoor cooling of 1.55 °C (maximum 2.19 °C), while the indirect green wall with a ventilated cavity delivered substantially superior average reduction of 3.59 °C, peaking at 6.04 °C. During critical afternoon hours (13:00–17:00), the indirect system outperformed the direct by 3.30 °C on average. Although neither system alone achieved ASHRAE 55 comfort thresholds (24–27 °C), indirect green walls significantly outperformed direct façades through combined shading and evapotranspiration mechanisms, demonstrating substantial potential to reduce cooling loads and enhance occupant comfort in hot arid residential contexts.