<p>Fundamental research and economic analysis of hydrate-based carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration play a key role in developing the industrialization of oceanic CO₂ sequestration. Therefore, this review deals with recent progress in hydrate-based CO₂ sequestration from the thermodynamics and kinetics as well as their energy consumption and cost. The first section provides an overview of the thermodynamics of CO₂ hydrate formation in both pure water and sea water, establishing a relationship between the enthalpy change of the hydrate formation reaction and the hydrate structure. Subsequently, a comparison of the kinetics of CO₂ hydrate formation in pure water and sea water is presented, with further insight into the formation kinetics obtained through hydrate nucleation and growth models. The process of liquid CO₂ forming hydrates is summarized, serving as a critical part of the fundamental research for oceanic CO₂ sequestration. Finally, energy consumption and cost of CO₂ capture methods are compared, and the whole sequestration process cost of CO₂ capture-storage-transport-injection is comprehensively analyzed. The new understanding of this review is conducive to further commercial and industrial development of hydrate-based CO₂ sequestration.</p>