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<p>This study presents an innovative one-step Joule heating pyrolysis strategy for synthesizing zero-valent ferromagnetic biochar composites (BC@20Fe<sup>0</sup>) through controlled precursor impregnation of wheat straw with FeCl<sub>3</sub>. The proposed technique overcomes the limitations of conventional tube furnace carbonization by achieving uniform heating with 97.94% reduced energy consumption (35.1&#xa0;kW·h/kg vs 1706.8&#xa0;kW·h/kg) and 99.61% shorter processing time (60&#xa0;s vs 4.3&#xa0;h). The optimized BC@20Fe<sup>0</sup> had adsorption capacities of 100.0&#xa0;mg/g and 151.5&#xa0;mg/g for As(V) and Sb(V), respectively, which were about 1.6 and 2.5 times higher than those of the traditional biochar composites. Systematic characterization (XPS, FT-IR, XRD) revealed three synergistic mechanisms: 1) Fe<sup>0</sup>-mediated redox reactions, 2) surface complexation (Fe–O-As/Sb), and 3) electrostatic-enhanced precipitation. After four regeneration cycles, the material still has a removal rate of over 50% for As and Sb, and can still be magnetically recycled. This breakthrough in energy-efficient synthesis and magnetic separability establishes BC@20Fe<sup>0</sup> as a sustainable solution for heavy metal remediation, particularly addressing the critical challenge of simultaneous As-Sb removal in practical wastewater treatment scenarios.</p>

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Fast preparation of high-performance zero-valent iron biochar materials for the removal of arsenic and antimony pollutants utilizing waste wheat straws

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月7日

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  • Renxi Fang,
  • Jing Peng,
  • Lanxi Yu,
  • Zepeng Wang,
  • Keliang Pan,
  • Chunjie Yan,
  • Sen Zhou

摘要

This study presents an innovative one-step Joule heating pyrolysis strategy for synthesizing zero-valent ferromagnetic biochar composites (BC@20Fe0) through controlled precursor impregnation of wheat straw with FeCl3. The proposed technique overcomes the limitations of conventional tube furnace carbonization by achieving uniform heating with 97.94% reduced energy consumption (35.1 kW·h/kg vs 1706.8 kW·h/kg) and 99.61% shorter processing time (60 s vs 4.3 h). The optimized BC@20Fe0 had adsorption capacities of 100.0 mg/g and 151.5 mg/g for As(V) and Sb(V), respectively, which were about 1.6 and 2.5 times higher than those of the traditional biochar composites. Systematic characterization (XPS, FT-IR, XRD) revealed three synergistic mechanisms: 1) Fe0-mediated redox reactions, 2) surface complexation (Fe–O-As/Sb), and 3) electrostatic-enhanced precipitation. After four regeneration cycles, the material still has a removal rate of over 50% for As and Sb, and can still be magnetically recycled. This breakthrough in energy-efficient synthesis and magnetic separability establishes BC@20Fe0 as a sustainable solution for heavy metal remediation, particularly addressing the critical challenge of simultaneous As-Sb removal in practical wastewater treatment scenarios.