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<p>The depletion of natural river sand and the environmental burden of quarry dust waste from stone-crushing operations pose significant challenges for the concrete industry, particularly in sand-scarce developing regions like Somalia. This study investigates the effects of partially replacing natural river sand with locally sourced quarry dust on the workability, compressive strength, and water absorption of M20 and M25 grade concrete. Quarry dust replaced sand at levels of 0%, 7%, 14%, 26%, and 32% by weight, with mix proportions designed per IS 10,262 using the absolute volume method. Standard tests (slump, compressive strength at 7 and 28 days, and 28-day water absorption per IS 2386) were performed on 150&#xa0;mm cubes (three replicates per mix/age). Results showed a progressive reduction in workability with increasing quarry dust content, with slump decreasing from 70&#xa0;mm to 50&#xa0;mm for M20 concrete and from 68&#xa0;mm to 48&#xa0;mm for M25 concrete at the optimum replacement level of 26%. Compressive strength improved at moderate replacement levels, reaching a maximum at 26% quarry dust replacement (M20: 26.40&#xa0;MPa, 30.0% higher than the control; M25: 30.22&#xa0;MPa, 19.9% higher than the control), primarily due to improved particle packing and the filler effect of the fine quarry dust particles. However, water absorption increased progressively across all replacement levels (M20: 2.8% to 5.4%; M25: 2.5% to 5.1% at 32% replacement), highlighting a clear trade-off between enhanced mechanical performance and durability-related properties. This work provides the first experimental data on quarry dust concrete using materials sourced from Mogadishu, Somalia, and establishes a quantitative framework for balancing mechanical and absorption properties. Quarry dust offers a viable, sustainable partial fine aggregate substitute (optimal at ~ 26%) in normal-strength concrete for non-aggressive environments, supporting waste valorization and resource conservation in sand-scarce regions, while highlighting the need for site-specific optimization and further microstructural/long-term durability studies.</p>

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Effect of quarry dust as partial fine aggregate replacement on strength and water absorption of normal-strength concrete

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Abdirahman Ali Muse,
  • Ahmed Abdullahi Mohamed,
  • Ismail Alisaid Mohamud,
  • Mohamed Muse Ahmed

摘要

The depletion of natural river sand and the environmental burden of quarry dust waste from stone-crushing operations pose significant challenges for the concrete industry, particularly in sand-scarce developing regions like Somalia. This study investigates the effects of partially replacing natural river sand with locally sourced quarry dust on the workability, compressive strength, and water absorption of M20 and M25 grade concrete. Quarry dust replaced sand at levels of 0%, 7%, 14%, 26%, and 32% by weight, with mix proportions designed per IS 10,262 using the absolute volume method. Standard tests (slump, compressive strength at 7 and 28 days, and 28-day water absorption per IS 2386) were performed on 150 mm cubes (three replicates per mix/age). Results showed a progressive reduction in workability with increasing quarry dust content, with slump decreasing from 70 mm to 50 mm for M20 concrete and from 68 mm to 48 mm for M25 concrete at the optimum replacement level of 26%. Compressive strength improved at moderate replacement levels, reaching a maximum at 26% quarry dust replacement (M20: 26.40 MPa, 30.0% higher than the control; M25: 30.22 MPa, 19.9% higher than the control), primarily due to improved particle packing and the filler effect of the fine quarry dust particles. However, water absorption increased progressively across all replacement levels (M20: 2.8% to 5.4%; M25: 2.5% to 5.1% at 32% replacement), highlighting a clear trade-off between enhanced mechanical performance and durability-related properties. This work provides the first experimental data on quarry dust concrete using materials sourced from Mogadishu, Somalia, and establishes a quantitative framework for balancing mechanical and absorption properties. Quarry dust offers a viable, sustainable partial fine aggregate substitute (optimal at ~ 26%) in normal-strength concrete for non-aggressive environments, supporting waste valorization and resource conservation in sand-scarce regions, while highlighting the need for site-specific optimization and further microstructural/long-term durability studies.