<p>In this work, we introduce an explicit P-wave to construct the diquarks <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="35" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\([qc]_{\widehat{V}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, then construct the local four-quark currents to explore the hidden-charm tetraquark states with the <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="80" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(J^{PC}=0^{++}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>J</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">PC</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="30" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1^{+-}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>-</mo> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="28" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2^{++}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in the framework of the QCD sum rules at length. Our calculations indicate that the light-flavor <i>SU</i>(3) breaking effects on the tetraquark masses are tiny. The predictions support assigning the <i>X</i>(4475) and <i>X</i>(4500) as the <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="162" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\([uc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{uc}]_{\widehat{V}}-[dc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{dc}]_{\widehat{V}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mover> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">uc</mi> </mrow> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mover> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">dc</mi> </mrow> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="68" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\([sc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{sc}]_{\widehat{V}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mover> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">sc</mi> </mrow> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> tetraquark states with the <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="80" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(J^{PC}=0^{++}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>J</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">PC</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> respectively, and assigning the <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="63" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z_{c}(4600)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4600</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="68" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z_{\bar{c}\bar{s}}(4600)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mrow> </mover> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mrow> </mover> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4600</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> as the <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="71" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\([uc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{dc}]_{\widehat{V}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mover> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">dc</mi> </mrow> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq13.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="68" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\([qc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{sc}]_{\widehat{V}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mover> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">sc</mi> </mrow> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> tetraquark states with the <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq14.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="82" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(J^{PC}=1^{+-}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>J</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">PC</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>-</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> respectively. On the other hand, there is no room for the <i>X</i>(4710) and <i>X</i>(4700). Combined with previous works, the <i>X</i>(4475), <i>X</i>(4500), <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="63" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z_{c}(4600)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4600</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="68" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z_{\bar{c}\bar{s}}(4600)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mrow> </mover> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mrow> </mover> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4600</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> might have other important Fock components besides the <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43673_2025_159_Article_IEq17.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="28" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\widehat{V}\widehat{V}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> <mover accent="true"> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">^</mo> </mover> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> type components.</p>

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Analysis of the X(4475), X(4500), \(Z_{\bar{c}\bar{s}}(4600)\), and related tetraquark states with the QCD sum rules

  • Zhi-Gang Wang

摘要

In this work, we introduce an explicit P-wave to construct the diquarks \([qc]_{\widehat{V}}\) [ q c ] V ^ , then construct the local four-quark currents to explore the hidden-charm tetraquark states with the \(J^{PC}=0^{++}\) J PC = 0 + + , \(1^{+-}\) 1 + - , and \(2^{++}\) 2 + + in the framework of the QCD sum rules at length. Our calculations indicate that the light-flavor SU(3) breaking effects on the tetraquark masses are tiny. The predictions support assigning the X(4475) and X(4500) as the \([uc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{uc}]_{\widehat{V}}-[dc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{dc}]_{\widehat{V}}\) [ u c ] V ^ [ uc ¯ ] V ^ - [ d c ] V ^ [ dc ¯ ] V ^ and \([sc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{sc}]_{\widehat{V}}\) [ s c ] V ^ [ sc ¯ ] V ^ tetraquark states with the \(J^{PC}=0^{++}\) J PC = 0 + + respectively, and assigning the \(Z_{c}(4600)\) Z c ( 4600 ) and \(Z_{\bar{c}\bar{s}}(4600)\) Z c ¯ s ¯ ( 4600 ) as the \([uc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{dc}]_{\widehat{V}}\) [ u c ] V ^ [ dc ¯ ] V ^ and \([qc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overline{sc}]_{\widehat{V}}\) [ q c ] V ^ [ sc ¯ ] V ^ tetraquark states with the \(J^{PC}=1^{+-}\) J PC = 1 + - respectively. On the other hand, there is no room for the X(4710) and X(4700). Combined with previous works, the X(4475), X(4500), \(Z_{c}(4600)\) Z c ( 4600 ) , and \(Z_{\bar{c}\bar{s}}(4600)\) Z c ¯ s ¯ ( 4600 ) might have other important Fock components besides the \(\widehat{V}\widehat{V}\) V ^ V ^ type components.