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<p>Contents of the online encyclopedia Wikipedia are socially negotiated by an unprecedented number of people from diverse backgrounds. Despite this heterogeneity and Wikipedia’s guidelines aiming at neutrality, articles are not free from bias. In extending prior research, the present paper is to our knowledge the first to investigate ingroup bias—the systematic tendency to present one’s own group (the ingroup) in a&#xa0;systematically more favorable way—in pictures. Specifically, we examine images in representations of inter-group conflicts in Wikipedia. In a&#xa0;pilot study we explored the overlap in pictures presented in the two language versions corresponding to the conflicting parties (e.g., the Arabic- and Hebrew-language Wikipedia articles about the Israeli–Palestinian conflict). A&#xa0;content-analysis of the pictures in Study&#xa0;1 then revealed that unshared pictures presented the own group as relatively more powerful. No ingroup bias was obtained regarding favorability or moral superiority of the ingroup, however. A&#xa0;power-related ingroup bias, in contrast, was found again in Study&#xa0;2, with a&#xa0;more objective measure and in a&#xa0;technical context (military vehicles of WWII). Despite its limitation to the power dimension, this is to our knowledge the first documentation of ingroup bias in pictures (and their subtitles) of Wikipedia articles.</p>

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Picture us and them: ingroup bias in pictures of Wikipedia articles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Aileen Oeberst,
  • Toni Alexander Ihme,
  • Ina von der Beck,
  • Christina Matschke

摘要

Contents of the online encyclopedia Wikipedia are socially negotiated by an unprecedented number of people from diverse backgrounds. Despite this heterogeneity and Wikipedia’s guidelines aiming at neutrality, articles are not free from bias. In extending prior research, the present paper is to our knowledge the first to investigate ingroup bias—the systematic tendency to present one’s own group (the ingroup) in a systematically more favorable way—in pictures. Specifically, we examine images in representations of inter-group conflicts in Wikipedia. In a pilot study we explored the overlap in pictures presented in the two language versions corresponding to the conflicting parties (e.g., the Arabic- and Hebrew-language Wikipedia articles about the Israeli–Palestinian conflict). A content-analysis of the pictures in Study 1 then revealed that unshared pictures presented the own group as relatively more powerful. No ingroup bias was obtained regarding favorability or moral superiority of the ingroup, however. A power-related ingroup bias, in contrast, was found again in Study 2, with a more objective measure and in a technical context (military vehicles of WWII). Despite its limitation to the power dimension, this is to our knowledge the first documentation of ingroup bias in pictures (and their subtitles) of Wikipedia articles.