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<p>Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) represent a versatile class of biocompatible nanomaterials for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In present study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots derived from the polyfloral resources of <i>R. indica</i> and <i>H. rosa-sinensis</i> (N-PFCQDs) were prepared and chemically characterized via different spectroscopic techiniques. N-PFCQDs were studied for their photodynamic antimicrobial and anticancer effects upon blue light exposure for different time intervals. Agar well diffusion assay demonstrated a light and time-dependent increase in their antimicrobial potential against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>,<i> Staphylococcus aureus</i>,<i> Escherichia coli</i>,<i> Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Aspergillus niger</i> with a zone of inhibition (mm) ranging from 14.8 ± 0.46 at 0&#xa0;min to 29.8 ± 0.44 at 90&#xa0;min of exposure time for bacterial strains and for fungal strains ranging from 13.8 ± 0.16 at 0&#xa0;min to 23.1 ± 0.21. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) analysis identified their potential for high levels of bactericidal action for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MIC: 15.2 to 7.3&#xa0;mg/L and MBC: 30.3 to 18.2&#xa0;mg/L) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (MIC: 16.2 to 8.1&#xa0;mg/L and MBC: 29.8 to 19.3&#xa0;mg/L) upon exposure to blue light from 0 to 90&#xa0;min time interval. The combined treatment of conventional antibiotics with blue-light-activated N-PFCQDs revealed the enhancement of bacterial susceptibility. Under PDT, N-PFCQDs effectively inhibited <i>Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> biofilm formation, achieving up to 96.33 ± 1.20% and 98.67 ± 0.88% respectively. In addition, the concentration and time-dependent cytotoxicity effect was observed by utilizing the PDT approach with ROS generation on HepG2 cancer cells. Over all, these results demonstrate the effectiveness of N-PFCQDs as photosensitizing agents for therapeutic potential.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Blue light activated nitrogen doped poly floral carbon quantum dots: multifunctional agent for anti-microbial and anti-cancer photodynamic therapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • Hubza Ruatt Khan,
  • Humaira Yasmeen

摘要

Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) represent a versatile class of biocompatible nanomaterials for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In present study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots derived from the polyfloral resources of R. indica and H. rosa-sinensis (N-PFCQDs) were prepared and chemically characterized via different spectroscopic techiniques. N-PFCQDs were studied for their photodynamic antimicrobial and anticancer effects upon blue light exposure for different time intervals. Agar well diffusion assay demonstrated a light and time-dependent increase in their antimicrobial potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger with a zone of inhibition (mm) ranging from 14.8 ± 0.46 at 0 min to 29.8 ± 0.44 at 90 min of exposure time for bacterial strains and for fungal strains ranging from 13.8 ± 0.16 at 0 min to 23.1 ± 0.21. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) analysis identified their potential for high levels of bactericidal action for Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 15.2 to 7.3 mg/L and MBC: 30.3 to 18.2 mg/L) and Escherichia coli (MIC: 16.2 to 8.1 mg/L and MBC: 29.8 to 19.3 mg/L) upon exposure to blue light from 0 to 90 min time interval. The combined treatment of conventional antibiotics with blue-light-activated N-PFCQDs revealed the enhancement of bacterial susceptibility. Under PDT, N-PFCQDs effectively inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, achieving up to 96.33 ± 1.20% and 98.67 ± 0.88% respectively. In addition, the concentration and time-dependent cytotoxicity effect was observed by utilizing the PDT approach with ROS generation on HepG2 cancer cells. Over all, these results demonstrate the effectiveness of N-PFCQDs as photosensitizing agents for therapeutic potential.

Graphical abstract