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<p>Herein, we investigate the ability of Z-scheme Bi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>/Ag<sub>2</sub>S QDs hybrid heterojunction immobilized onto a fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate to obtain FTO/Bi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>/Ag<sub>2</sub>S QDs thin film for photocatalytically degrading sulfamethoxazole (SMX) antibiotic in addition to real pharmaceutical wastewater sample under visible-lighting exposure. The hybrid photocatalyst FTO/Bi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>/Ag<sub>2</sub>S QDs heterojunction film obtained high photodegradation efficiency (97% of SMX degradation and 79.0% of TOC reduction) within 1&#xa0;h, with a degradation rate constant k1 of 0.061&#xa0;min<sup>− 1</sup>. Moreover, 89% chemical-oxygen-demand (COD) and 77.5% total-organic-carbon (TOC) from the real wastewater sample were removed within 120&#xa0;min. The fabricated photocatalytic thin film was revealed to be effective and recyclable after five successive rounds, signifying the high stability behavior. Besides, the trapping studies validated that <sup>•</sup>O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and h<sup>+</sup> were the controlled degradation species, while <sup>•</sup>OH radicals played a slight role. The Z-scheme mechanism was proposed to describe the charge transfer pathways.</p>

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Fabricating FTO/Bi2S3/Ag2S QDs photocatalyst thin films with boosted visible-light-driven photodecomposition of sulfamethoxazole

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Hussein A. Alabdly,
  • Saad H. Ammar,
  • A. Al-Farraji,
  • Huda D. Abdul kader,
  • Zaid H. Jabbar

摘要

Herein, we investigate the ability of Z-scheme Bi2S3/Ag2S QDs hybrid heterojunction immobilized onto a fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate to obtain FTO/Bi2S3/Ag2S QDs thin film for photocatalytically degrading sulfamethoxazole (SMX) antibiotic in addition to real pharmaceutical wastewater sample under visible-lighting exposure. The hybrid photocatalyst FTO/Bi2S3/Ag2S QDs heterojunction film obtained high photodegradation efficiency (97% of SMX degradation and 79.0% of TOC reduction) within 1 h, with a degradation rate constant k1 of 0.061 min− 1. Moreover, 89% chemical-oxygen-demand (COD) and 77.5% total-organic-carbon (TOC) from the real wastewater sample were removed within 120 min. The fabricated photocatalytic thin film was revealed to be effective and recyclable after five successive rounds, signifying the high stability behavior. Besides, the trapping studies validated that •O2− and h+ were the controlled degradation species, while •OH radicals played a slight role. The Z-scheme mechanism was proposed to describe the charge transfer pathways.