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<p>Lipid droplets (LDs) are vital organelles that regulate neutral-lipid storage and metabolism, membrane architecture, and inter-membrane trafficking. Quantifying LD heterogeneity is essential for elucidating determinants of LD biogenesis and their roles in metabolic disorders and cancer. Here, we report a water-soluble polymeric probe, <b>NBMA-</b><Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">co</Emphasis><b>-PEGMA</b><sub><b>400</b></sub>, constructed by employing benzothiazole as the fluorescent core and hydrophilic PEGMA<sub>400</sub> as the solubilizing segment via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The probe exhibits pronounced solvatochromism, reflecting its sensitivity to environmental polarity. It rapidly penetrates cellular membranes and generates punctate, high-contrast fluorescence in both HeLa and HepG2 cells, achieving excellent co-localization with the commercial Nile Red dye (Pearson’s coefficients: 0.91 and 0.80, respectively). These results establish <b>NBMA-</b><Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">co</Emphasis><b>-PEGMA</b><sub><b>400</b></sub> as a robust fluorescent polymer for real-time biomonitoring of lipid droplets and highlight its potential for early disease diagnosis.</p>

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Hydrophilic polymeric fluorescent probes based on benzothiadiazole constructed for real-time monitoring of lipid droplet levels in cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • Jin-Hua Jiang,
  • Wei-Long Cui,
  • Yun-Hao Yang,
  • Jian-Yong Wang

摘要

Lipid droplets (LDs) are vital organelles that regulate neutral-lipid storage and metabolism, membrane architecture, and inter-membrane trafficking. Quantifying LD heterogeneity is essential for elucidating determinants of LD biogenesis and their roles in metabolic disorders and cancer. Here, we report a water-soluble polymeric probe, NBMA-co-PEGMA400, constructed by employing benzothiazole as the fluorescent core and hydrophilic PEGMA400 as the solubilizing segment via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The probe exhibits pronounced solvatochromism, reflecting its sensitivity to environmental polarity. It rapidly penetrates cellular membranes and generates punctate, high-contrast fluorescence in both HeLa and HepG2 cells, achieving excellent co-localization with the commercial Nile Red dye (Pearson’s coefficients: 0.91 and 0.80, respectively). These results establish NBMA-co-PEGMA400 as a robust fluorescent polymer for real-time biomonitoring of lipid droplets and highlight its potential for early disease diagnosis.