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<p>This study examines the joint role of climate variability, governance effectiveness, energy infrastructure, and socioeconomic factors in shaping agricultural productivity and food security across 28 member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) over the period 1990–2024. Using a balanced panel dataset, the analysis employs pooled ordinary least squares, fixed-effects and random-effects models, and Driscoll–Kraay estimators, complemented by interaction terms and qualitative case evidence within a mixed-methods framework. The results indicate that climate variability, particularly temperature and precipitation, significantly influences both agricultural productivity and food security outcomes. Electricity access emerges as a consistently strong and robust determinant, positively associated with cereal yields and significantly reducing undernourishment, highlighting the central role of energy infrastructure in modern food systems. Governance effectiveness is positively and significantly associated with agricultural productivity, while its effect on food security operates primarily through indirect channels, including infrastructure provision, institutional coordination, and market stabilization. Food prices are identified as a key driver of undernourishment, with evidence suggesting that climate-related shocks amplify price pressures and worsen food insecurity. Interaction effects further reveal that the impacts of climate variability are conditioned by institutional quality and infrastructure, indicating that resilience is not solely determined by biophysical factors but is mediated by policy and structural conditions. By integrating climate, institutional, and infrastructure dimensions within a unified empirical framework, this study contributes to the literature on climate-resilient food systems in developing economies. The findings underscore the importance of coordinated policy approaches that simultaneously address climate adaptation, governance capacity, energy infrastructure, and food market stability.</p>

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Agriculture in transition governance effectiveness and energy infrastructure for climate resilient food security

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • Safia Bibi,
  • Ling Yang

摘要

This study examines the joint role of climate variability, governance effectiveness, energy infrastructure, and socioeconomic factors in shaping agricultural productivity and food security across 28 member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) over the period 1990–2024. Using a balanced panel dataset, the analysis employs pooled ordinary least squares, fixed-effects and random-effects models, and Driscoll–Kraay estimators, complemented by interaction terms and qualitative case evidence within a mixed-methods framework. The results indicate that climate variability, particularly temperature and precipitation, significantly influences both agricultural productivity and food security outcomes. Electricity access emerges as a consistently strong and robust determinant, positively associated with cereal yields and significantly reducing undernourishment, highlighting the central role of energy infrastructure in modern food systems. Governance effectiveness is positively and significantly associated with agricultural productivity, while its effect on food security operates primarily through indirect channels, including infrastructure provision, institutional coordination, and market stabilization. Food prices are identified as a key driver of undernourishment, with evidence suggesting that climate-related shocks amplify price pressures and worsen food insecurity. Interaction effects further reveal that the impacts of climate variability are conditioned by institutional quality and infrastructure, indicating that resilience is not solely determined by biophysical factors but is mediated by policy and structural conditions. By integrating climate, institutional, and infrastructure dimensions within a unified empirical framework, this study contributes to the literature on climate-resilient food systems in developing economies. The findings underscore the importance of coordinated policy approaches that simultaneously address climate adaptation, governance capacity, energy infrastructure, and food market stability.