<p>Food security remains a major challenge in fragile and low-income economies, where food availability is influenced by the interaction of domestic production, international trade, and macroeconomic conditions. This study investigates the role of renewable energy, trade openness, and macroeconomic stability in shaping food production in Somalia. To achieve this objective, the study applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model, along with Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares, using time-series data from 1990 to 2022. The results reveal that renewable energy consumption and trade openness have a significant positive impact on food production at the 1% significance level, highlighting the importance of energy access and global trade integration for agricultural productivity. Inflation also demonstrates a positive relationship with food production in both the short and long run, although its effect is relatively modest. In contrast, economic growth shows a negative long-run effect on food production. Based on these findings, the study recommends a coordinated policy approach that emphasizes the development of renewable energy, agricultural transformation, macroeconomic stability, and strategic trade policies to achieve sustainable improvements in food production and food security in Somalia.</p>