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<p>In Mexico, rural and agricultural modernization and industrialization, along with neoliberal policies, have promoted the agroindustrial model and transformed rural landscapes, strongly affecting the small farmers. This paper aims to analyze the trajectories of two peasant communities in Michoacán State, western Mexico, as they face agricultural industrialization and its expansion, in relation to their current states and social organization. We identify the main changes and drivers related to agricultural industrialization and its expansion through a qualitative analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews and a quantitative analysis of land-use change. Subsequently, we identified and analyzed peasants’ trajectories, taking into account livelihoods, peasant heritage, and traditionalism. In the study area, 40.3% of land use changed from 1995 to 2021. The land use that increased the most was the avocado orchard, from 4.2&#xa0;ha in 1995 to 1859.7&#xa0;ha in 2021 (442.79 times). The main peasants’ trajectories have been: increase in non-agricultural sources of income, continuing with traditional agriculture, working as day laborers in industrial agriculture (avocado orchards or berry greenhouses), planting avocado in their productive units, selling their land to outsiders for avocado orchards, and community organization and position regarding the sale of land to outsiders. Peasant trajectories have contributed more to building adaptability in the case of the community that took a collective decision and position regarding the arrival of industrial agriculture. Our findings and conclusions align with previous research suggesting that a robust social organization is crucial to sustainability in rural areas.</p>

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Peasant trajectories and the role of social organization facing agricultural industrialization at the community level in Western Mexico

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月19日

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  • Diego Subercaseaux-Ugarte,
  • Ana I. Moreno-Calles,
  • Marta Astier,
  • Gerardo Bocco

摘要

In Mexico, rural and agricultural modernization and industrialization, along with neoliberal policies, have promoted the agroindustrial model and transformed rural landscapes, strongly affecting the small farmers. This paper aims to analyze the trajectories of two peasant communities in Michoacán State, western Mexico, as they face agricultural industrialization and its expansion, in relation to their current states and social organization. We identify the main changes and drivers related to agricultural industrialization and its expansion through a qualitative analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews and a quantitative analysis of land-use change. Subsequently, we identified and analyzed peasants’ trajectories, taking into account livelihoods, peasant heritage, and traditionalism. In the study area, 40.3% of land use changed from 1995 to 2021. The land use that increased the most was the avocado orchard, from 4.2 ha in 1995 to 1859.7 ha in 2021 (442.79 times). The main peasants’ trajectories have been: increase in non-agricultural sources of income, continuing with traditional agriculture, working as day laborers in industrial agriculture (avocado orchards or berry greenhouses), planting avocado in their productive units, selling their land to outsiders for avocado orchards, and community organization and position regarding the sale of land to outsiders. Peasant trajectories have contributed more to building adaptability in the case of the community that took a collective decision and position regarding the arrival of industrial agriculture. Our findings and conclusions align with previous research suggesting that a robust social organization is crucial to sustainability in rural areas.