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<p>Waste anthropogenic littering leads to pollution in the urban environment and public areas. Although pollution levels vary, anthropogenic litter remains a challenge worldwide. In this study, the effective factors in the density of anthropogenic litter in the urban environment and public areas were reviewed. For this purpose, related articles were searched in databases, and after screening, 31 articles were selected and peer reviewed. Categorizing the information of the reviewed articles showed that behavioral factors, infrastructure, laws, and the efficiency of the cleaning system were effective in the anthropogenic litter density. Increasing awareness and the perceived severity of the environmental consequences of littering behavior, as well as providing more accessibility to the cleaning system, are suggested to reduce the density of anthropogenic litter. Several indices have been developed to classify the status of anthropogenic litter pollution. The solutions to improve the situation include changing the anthropogenic littering behavior, developing requirements such as special waste containers for each type of anthropogenic litter, and increasing the efficiency of the cleaning system, especially at low-access points.</p>

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A review of key factors influencing anthropogenic litter density and associated risks in Urban area

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Khadijeh Darabi,
  • Hossein Moein,
  • Farogh Kazembeigi,
  • Shima Nakhaei,
  • Ahmad Badeenezhad

摘要

Waste anthropogenic littering leads to pollution in the urban environment and public areas. Although pollution levels vary, anthropogenic litter remains a challenge worldwide. In this study, the effective factors in the density of anthropogenic litter in the urban environment and public areas were reviewed. For this purpose, related articles were searched in databases, and after screening, 31 articles were selected and peer reviewed. Categorizing the information of the reviewed articles showed that behavioral factors, infrastructure, laws, and the efficiency of the cleaning system were effective in the anthropogenic litter density. Increasing awareness and the perceived severity of the environmental consequences of littering behavior, as well as providing more accessibility to the cleaning system, are suggested to reduce the density of anthropogenic litter. Several indices have been developed to classify the status of anthropogenic litter pollution. The solutions to improve the situation include changing the anthropogenic littering behavior, developing requirements such as special waste containers for each type of anthropogenic litter, and increasing the efficiency of the cleaning system, especially at low-access points.