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<p>Polyolefin milk-cover waste accumulates in household waste streams, while small diesel engines remain essential for distributed power generation. Thermochemical conversion of such waste to plastic pyrolysis oil (PPO) represents a potential first-order energy-recovery route when mechanical recycling is constrained by contamination, thin gauge, or fragmented supply chains. However, a feedstock-defined analysis of conditioned milk-cover PPO blended solely with biodiesel under fixed injection settings remains limited. This study quantifies blend properties, engine performance, regulated emissions, and a bounded first-order energy-recovery proxy for binary PPO–Jatropha biodiesel fuels within an defined system boundary that excludes upstream infrastructure, long-distance transport, biodiesel cultivation burdens, full life-cycle assessment, GHG inventory, and techno-economic evaluation. LDPE/HDPE milk covers were batch-pyrolyzed at 500&#xa0;°C under N₂, and the condensed oil was settled, filtered, and vacuum-dried. Blends P10B90–P50B50 and P100 were tested at 1500&#xa0;rpm across 0–100% load using gaseous emissions and smoke measurements. At 75–100% load, a BTE of 30.6–31.8% was measured for P10B90–P30B70, indicating retention of diesel-proximate efficiency under fixed-calibration conditions. SFC of 264–285&#xa0;g kWh⁻¹ was recorded for P10B90–P30B70; CO of 0.063% vol and PM of 93–96&#xa0;mg m⁻³ were obtained at 75% load. NOx increased with the PPO fraction, with 1320 ppm measured for P100 at full load versus 1180 ppm for diesel. The study contributes segregated-feedstock traceability, reproducible conditioning, binary blending without petroleum diesel, and load-resolved mapping supported by boundary-based material–energy accounting. The resource-recovery relevance reported herein is limited to feedstock diversion and the quantification of recoverable chemical energy within the stated boundary and should not be interpreted as a full life-cycle sustainability assessment. Future research targets extended GC–MS/SimDist and S–N–Cl characterization, calibration sweeps, energy efficiency studies under multi-season household feedstock variability, and boundary-consistent life cycle and techno-economic assessment.</p>

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Circular Economy Pathways for Energy Efficiency: Co-Combustion of Household Plastic Pyrolysis Oil and Biodiesel in Diesel Engines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Doris Ifeoma Ogueri,
  • Ratchagaraja Dhairiyasamy,
  • Choon Kit Chan,
  • Deepika Gabiriel

摘要

Polyolefin milk-cover waste accumulates in household waste streams, while small diesel engines remain essential for distributed power generation. Thermochemical conversion of such waste to plastic pyrolysis oil (PPO) represents a potential first-order energy-recovery route when mechanical recycling is constrained by contamination, thin gauge, or fragmented supply chains. However, a feedstock-defined analysis of conditioned milk-cover PPO blended solely with biodiesel under fixed injection settings remains limited. This study quantifies blend properties, engine performance, regulated emissions, and a bounded first-order energy-recovery proxy for binary PPO–Jatropha biodiesel fuels within an defined system boundary that excludes upstream infrastructure, long-distance transport, biodiesel cultivation burdens, full life-cycle assessment, GHG inventory, and techno-economic evaluation. LDPE/HDPE milk covers were batch-pyrolyzed at 500 °C under N₂, and the condensed oil was settled, filtered, and vacuum-dried. Blends P10B90–P50B50 and P100 were tested at 1500 rpm across 0–100% load using gaseous emissions and smoke measurements. At 75–100% load, a BTE of 30.6–31.8% was measured for P10B90–P30B70, indicating retention of diesel-proximate efficiency under fixed-calibration conditions. SFC of 264–285 g kWh⁻¹ was recorded for P10B90–P30B70; CO of 0.063% vol and PM of 93–96 mg m⁻³ were obtained at 75% load. NOx increased with the PPO fraction, with 1320 ppm measured for P100 at full load versus 1180 ppm for diesel. The study contributes segregated-feedstock traceability, reproducible conditioning, binary blending without petroleum diesel, and load-resolved mapping supported by boundary-based material–energy accounting. The resource-recovery relevance reported herein is limited to feedstock diversion and the quantification of recoverable chemical energy within the stated boundary and should not be interpreted as a full life-cycle sustainability assessment. Future research targets extended GC–MS/SimDist and S–N–Cl characterization, calibration sweeps, energy efficiency studies under multi-season household feedstock variability, and boundary-consistent life cycle and techno-economic assessment.