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<p>This study explores the sustainable use of Egg Shell Powder (ESP) and Fish Scale Powder (FSP) as partial cement replacements, along with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as a coarse aggregate substitute in self-compacting concrete (SCC). Nine mix combinations were tested to evaluate fresh and hardened properties, durability, microstructure, and environmental performance. The inclusion of 16% ESP improved workability with slump flow up to 690&#xa0;mm and reduced T50 time to 4.18&#xa0;s, indicating lower viscosity. The mix with 2% FSP demonstrated high split tensile strength (4.29&#xa0;MPa) and consistent performance with increasing RAP levels. The control mix reached the highest compressive strength (35.38&#xa0;MPa), followed closely by R0 + E16 (35.30&#xa0;MPa) and R0 + F2 (30.71&#xa0;MPa). Although higher RAP content slightly reduced compressive strength, flexural strength improved, with R60 + E16 reaching 6.74&#xa0;MPa. Durability tests showed moderate chloride permeability in RAP mixes, but FSP blends exhibited better resistance than ESP. Life Cycle Assessment revealed that R0 + E16 reduced CO₂ emissions by 20.3% and energy consumption by 17.5%, outperforming other mixes. SEM-EDS confirmed the pozzolanic potential of both ESP and FSP. Overall, ESP and FSP are promising bio-waste materials for sustainable concrete, with ESP offering superior workability and environmental benefits, while FSP contributes to improved tensile performance and durability.</p>

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Performance Evaluation of Eco-Friendly Self-Compacting Concrete Using Bio-Materials and Recycled Asphalt Pavement Aggregate

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月24日

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  • Ujwal M S,
  • Shiva Kumar G,
  • Poornachandra Pandit,
  • Mahanth S H

摘要

This study explores the sustainable use of Egg Shell Powder (ESP) and Fish Scale Powder (FSP) as partial cement replacements, along with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as a coarse aggregate substitute in self-compacting concrete (SCC). Nine mix combinations were tested to evaluate fresh and hardened properties, durability, microstructure, and environmental performance. The inclusion of 16% ESP improved workability with slump flow up to 690 mm and reduced T50 time to 4.18 s, indicating lower viscosity. The mix with 2% FSP demonstrated high split tensile strength (4.29 MPa) and consistent performance with increasing RAP levels. The control mix reached the highest compressive strength (35.38 MPa), followed closely by R0 + E16 (35.30 MPa) and R0 + F2 (30.71 MPa). Although higher RAP content slightly reduced compressive strength, flexural strength improved, with R60 + E16 reaching 6.74 MPa. Durability tests showed moderate chloride permeability in RAP mixes, but FSP blends exhibited better resistance than ESP. Life Cycle Assessment revealed that R0 + E16 reduced CO₂ emissions by 20.3% and energy consumption by 17.5%, outperforming other mixes. SEM-EDS confirmed the pozzolanic potential of both ESP and FSP. Overall, ESP and FSP are promising bio-waste materials for sustainable concrete, with ESP offering superior workability and environmental benefits, while FSP contributes to improved tensile performance and durability.