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<p>Adopting Industry 4.0 (I4.0) frameworks alongside Artificial Intelligence (AI), Circular Economy (CE) principles, and Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) opens wide-ranging possibilities for addressing pressing sustainability challenges. I4.0 focuses on digital pillars such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Additive Manufacturing (AM), and Big Data Analytics (BDA), offering opportunities to enhance efficiency, optimize resource use, and minimize waste. At the same time, the CE emphasizes transitioning from linear production models toward resource regeneration and closed-loop systems, while GHRM addresses the human dimension of sustainability by embedding pro-environmental values, green competencies, and ethical awareness within organizational culture. Based on an integrative review and theory-building approach, the findings of this study reveal that sustainable circular transformation is most effective when AI functions as a cognitive and ethical integrator between I4.0 technologies and GHRM practices, rather than as a stand-alone technological solution. The analysis demonstrates that organizations achieve stronger and more durable circular outcomes when digital capabilities are aligned with green human capital, supported by leadership, organizational culture, and ethical governance mechanisms. The proposed framework highlights that GHRM plays a critical role in institutionalizing AI-enabled circular practices by developing green digital skills, fostering employee engagement, and ensuring responsible AI use. Grounded in the Resource-Based View, Socio-Technical Systems theory, and Institutional and Stakeholder perspectives, the study advances a human-centric socio-technical framework that explains how integrated digital and human capabilities generate resource efficiency, waste reduction, lifecycle extension, and sustainable innovation. By bridging technological, environmental, and human resource perspectives, the study offers theoretical advancement and practical guidance for policymakers and industry leaders seeking to achieve resilient, competitive, and ethically governed transitions toward a circular and sustainable economy.</p>

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A Socio Technical Framework for Integrating Industry 4.0 and Green HRM Through AI for Sustainable Circular Economy Transitions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月14日

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  • Rashmi Kumari,
  • Sujata Priyambada Dash,
  • Saileja Mohanty,
  • Shatrudhan Pandey

摘要

Adopting Industry 4.0 (I4.0) frameworks alongside Artificial Intelligence (AI), Circular Economy (CE) principles, and Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) opens wide-ranging possibilities for addressing pressing sustainability challenges. I4.0 focuses on digital pillars such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Additive Manufacturing (AM), and Big Data Analytics (BDA), offering opportunities to enhance efficiency, optimize resource use, and minimize waste. At the same time, the CE emphasizes transitioning from linear production models toward resource regeneration and closed-loop systems, while GHRM addresses the human dimension of sustainability by embedding pro-environmental values, green competencies, and ethical awareness within organizational culture. Based on an integrative review and theory-building approach, the findings of this study reveal that sustainable circular transformation is most effective when AI functions as a cognitive and ethical integrator between I4.0 technologies and GHRM practices, rather than as a stand-alone technological solution. The analysis demonstrates that organizations achieve stronger and more durable circular outcomes when digital capabilities are aligned with green human capital, supported by leadership, organizational culture, and ethical governance mechanisms. The proposed framework highlights that GHRM plays a critical role in institutionalizing AI-enabled circular practices by developing green digital skills, fostering employee engagement, and ensuring responsible AI use. Grounded in the Resource-Based View, Socio-Technical Systems theory, and Institutional and Stakeholder perspectives, the study advances a human-centric socio-technical framework that explains how integrated digital and human capabilities generate resource efficiency, waste reduction, lifecycle extension, and sustainable innovation. By bridging technological, environmental, and human resource perspectives, the study offers theoretical advancement and practical guidance for policymakers and industry leaders seeking to achieve resilient, competitive, and ethically governed transitions toward a circular and sustainable economy.