Vernacularizing scientific agriculture in colonial Bihar: An informal pedagogy of Hindi periodical, Kisan (1933–1940)
摘要
The region of Bihar in the 1930s was a period of increasing interest in the themes of the peasant, agriculture, and everything related to the agrarian world. The stimulus for it came from the gradual rise of peasant struggle and their mobilisation under Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (1929) on one side, while on the other hand, there was a significant focus on disseminating modern scientific knowledge and extending scientific techniques in the countryside under the guidance of the colonial institutions. The colonial authorities expanded their focus on agricultural extension by encouraging the provincial agriculture associations to propagate scientific knowledge through vernacular mediums using bulletins, leaflets, and magazines. The paper examines the agenda and language of a quarterly journal, ‘Kisan,’ the principal mouthpiece of the Bihar Agricultural Association, to understand its attempt to popularise agricultural science through informal pedagogy. It also discusses how regional and national development concepts informed the concept of agricultural modernisation.