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<p>The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is a crucial pathway toward mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, reducing fossil fuel dependency, and improving overall air quality in urban environments. However, limitations such as restricted driving range and long charging times remain challenges that influence their widespread adoption. This study investigates an innovative approach to enhance EV sustainability through an energy harvesting system based on piezoelectric sensors embedded in occupant seats. By capturing mechanical energy from passenger movements and converting it into electrical energy, the system contributes to improved energy efficiency and reduced reliance on external charging. The experimental setup utilized an electric golf cart tested over 1.3&#xa0;km under varied road conditions (slopes, potholes, bumps, and plains). The system, consisting of 30 piezoelectric sensors with rectifiers and load cells, generated a maximum power output of 0.02065&#xa0;W, with voltage ranging between 1.19 and 16.79&#xa0;V and current between 0.02 and 1.23&#xa0;mA. While the harvested energy is currently suitable for auxiliary applications (e.g., cabin lighting), scaling the system to multiple seats holds potential for significant contributions to EV energy optimization. By advancing vehicle energy efficiency, this research aligns with sustainable mobility goals and supports broader efforts to reduce vehicular emissions and their ecological impacts on air quality.</p>

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Enhancing electric vehicle efficiency and environmental sustainability through seat-embedded piezoelectric energy harvesting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月25日

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  • Prashant Shukla,
  • Abhidnya Sunil Mhatre

摘要

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is a crucial pathway toward mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, reducing fossil fuel dependency, and improving overall air quality in urban environments. However, limitations such as restricted driving range and long charging times remain challenges that influence their widespread adoption. This study investigates an innovative approach to enhance EV sustainability through an energy harvesting system based on piezoelectric sensors embedded in occupant seats. By capturing mechanical energy from passenger movements and converting it into electrical energy, the system contributes to improved energy efficiency and reduced reliance on external charging. The experimental setup utilized an electric golf cart tested over 1.3 km under varied road conditions (slopes, potholes, bumps, and plains). The system, consisting of 30 piezoelectric sensors with rectifiers and load cells, generated a maximum power output of 0.02065 W, with voltage ranging between 1.19 and 16.79 V and current between 0.02 and 1.23 mA. While the harvested energy is currently suitable for auxiliary applications (e.g., cabin lighting), scaling the system to multiple seats holds potential for significant contributions to EV energy optimization. By advancing vehicle energy efficiency, this research aligns with sustainable mobility goals and supports broader efforts to reduce vehicular emissions and their ecological impacts on air quality.