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<p>CMF (Color, Material, and Finish) design is evolving into a pivotal node within advanced manufacturing technologies, integrating user perception, functional performance, and sustainable value. This review examines its integration pathways with domains like additive manufacturing and digital twin systems. We construct a “material genome–process–surface engineering–digital validation” model, mapping advances in functional integration systems and sustainable pathways. Case studies from consumer electronics and building materials reveal systemic challenges, including scale coordination gaps and sustainability paradoxes. An AI-driven perceptual feedback mechanism is proposed to enable intelligent co-creation mechanisms. The study concludes with a forward-looking outlook on CMF design in digital product passports, human–AI collaboration, and quantum structural color.</p>

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Research on the integration path of CMF design and advanced manufacturing: functional integration, sustainable transformation, and intelligent system construction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Gaojie Zhang,
  • Haoxiang Wang

摘要

CMF (Color, Material, and Finish) design is evolving into a pivotal node within advanced manufacturing technologies, integrating user perception, functional performance, and sustainable value. This review examines its integration pathways with domains like additive manufacturing and digital twin systems. We construct a “material genome–process–surface engineering–digital validation” model, mapping advances in functional integration systems and sustainable pathways. Case studies from consumer electronics and building materials reveal systemic challenges, including scale coordination gaps and sustainability paradoxes. An AI-driven perceptual feedback mechanism is proposed to enable intelligent co-creation mechanisms. The study concludes with a forward-looking outlook on CMF design in digital product passports, human–AI collaboration, and quantum structural color.