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<p>This study examines the effect of rice husk biochar on co-composting, focusing on odor reduction and compost quality improvement in the context of sustainable waste management in Vietnam. A pilot-scale experiment was conducted using vegetable waste with three treatments: NT<sub>1</sub> (no biochar), NT<sub>2</sub> (vegetable waste: biochar ratio of 4:1), and NT<sub>3</sub> (2:1). After 30 days, biochar-amended composts (NT<sub>2</sub> and NT<sub>3</sub>) showed more stable pH (6.0–7.5), electrical conductivity (4–6 dS/cm), lower peak temperatures (did not exceed 60&#xa0;°C), and optimal moisture (50–67%) compared with the control. Gas emissions were significantly mitigated: maximum CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations in NT<sub>2</sub> reached only 850 ppm versus 5184 ppm in NT<sub>1</sub>, while H<sub>2</sub>S was undetectable in both biochar treatments. Final compost from NT<sub>2</sub> and NT<sub>3</sub> contained nearly double the total NPK nutrient levels of NT<sub>1</sub> and improved plant growth, with NT<sub>2</sub> increasing shoot and root lengths by 30.43% and 43.31%, respectively, after 72&#xa0;h. Key factors influencing performance included biochar ratio, moisture, temperature, and aerobic conditions. The 2:1 ratio (NT<sub>3</sub>) was most effective in reducing emissions and enhancing compost quality, while maintaining 50–65% moisture and 25–40&#xa0;°C during the aerobic phase supported microbial activity. These findings highlight biochar’s potential to enhance composting efficiency, reduce environmental impacts, and advance sustainability objectives, particularly in organic waste management in developing countries like India and Vietnam.</p>

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Impact of Biochar addition for odor emission reduction and compost quality enhancement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Tra Van Tung,
  • Ho ThiThien Kim,
  • Le Thi Tuyet Mai,
  • Nguyen Thanh Tri,
  • Dang Thi Thuy Linh,
  • Nguyen Hoang Duy,
  • Phan LeKieu My,
  • Santanu Mukherjee,
  • Huu-Tuan Tran

摘要

This study examines the effect of rice husk biochar on co-composting, focusing on odor reduction and compost quality improvement in the context of sustainable waste management in Vietnam. A pilot-scale experiment was conducted using vegetable waste with three treatments: NT1 (no biochar), NT2 (vegetable waste: biochar ratio of 4:1), and NT3 (2:1). After 30 days, biochar-amended composts (NT2 and NT3) showed more stable pH (6.0–7.5), electrical conductivity (4–6 dS/cm), lower peak temperatures (did not exceed 60 °C), and optimal moisture (50–67%) compared with the control. Gas emissions were significantly mitigated: maximum CO2 concentrations in NT2 reached only 850 ppm versus 5184 ppm in NT1, while H2S was undetectable in both biochar treatments. Final compost from NT2 and NT3 contained nearly double the total NPK nutrient levels of NT1 and improved plant growth, with NT2 increasing shoot and root lengths by 30.43% and 43.31%, respectively, after 72 h. Key factors influencing performance included biochar ratio, moisture, temperature, and aerobic conditions. The 2:1 ratio (NT3) was most effective in reducing emissions and enhancing compost quality, while maintaining 50–65% moisture and 25–40 °C during the aerobic phase supported microbial activity. These findings highlight biochar’s potential to enhance composting efficiency, reduce environmental impacts, and advance sustainability objectives, particularly in organic waste management in developing countries like India and Vietnam.