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<p>The present study underpins the phytochemical profiling and antibacterial potential of <i>Acacia leucophloe</i>a and <i>Mitragyna parvifolia</i> against multidrug-resistant <i>Salmonella enterica.</i> The phytochemical screening of various solvent extracts of both the plants under study revealed a significant variation in the metabolite distribution. While the leaf and stem extracts of <i>Mitragyna parvifolia</i> displayed high levels of terpenoids, phytosterols, flavonoids, and phenolics, in contrast, <i>A. leucophloea</i> was observed to be enriched with proteins, amino acids, terpenes, and carbohydrates. In the anti-salmonella screening, solvent extracts displayed limited activity, confined mainly to weak inhibition by ethanol and ethyl acetate stem extracts of <i>M. parvifolia</i> only. No activity was observed from the solvent extract of any part of <i>A. leucophloea.</i> Notably, normal and heat-stable peptide extracts of <i>M. parvifolia</i> and <i>A. leucophloea</i> demonstrated moderate to strong anti-salmonella activity for the first time with MIC value of 0.2&#xa0;mg/ml, which was comparable to that of Ceftriaxone (0.14&#xa0;mg/ml), thereby highlighting their potential as alternative therapeutics. Further, the GC–MS analysis of ethanolic and ethyl acetate stem extracts of <i>M. parvifolia</i> displayed an unprecedented phytochemical profile, identifying non-alkaloidal constituents such as neophytadiene, phytol, squalene, quinic acid, and cinnamaldehyde derivatives (4-hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamaldehyde) with significant antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities, potentially contributing to the observed bio-activity. The present study reports the peptide-based anti-bacterial potential of <i>A</i>. <i>leucophloea</i> and <i>M. parvifolia,</i> thereby significantly contributing towards expanding the phytoconstituent and pharmacological profile of these plants. Further studies are warranted to ascertain their mechanism of action and probable development as novel antimicrobial agents.</p>

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GC–MS profiling of Mitragyna parvifolia and comparative assessment of peptide-based anti-salmonella activity in M. parvifolia and Acacia leucophloea

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Saurabh Soni,
  • Yogesh Kumar,
  • Gaurav Sharma,
  • Lokesh Gambhir,
  • Asha Sharma,
  • Neha Kapoor

摘要

The present study underpins the phytochemical profiling and antibacterial potential of Acacia leucophloea and Mitragyna parvifolia against multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica. The phytochemical screening of various solvent extracts of both the plants under study revealed a significant variation in the metabolite distribution. While the leaf and stem extracts of Mitragyna parvifolia displayed high levels of terpenoids, phytosterols, flavonoids, and phenolics, in contrast, A. leucophloea was observed to be enriched with proteins, amino acids, terpenes, and carbohydrates. In the anti-salmonella screening, solvent extracts displayed limited activity, confined mainly to weak inhibition by ethanol and ethyl acetate stem extracts of M. parvifolia only. No activity was observed from the solvent extract of any part of A. leucophloea. Notably, normal and heat-stable peptide extracts of M. parvifolia and A. leucophloea demonstrated moderate to strong anti-salmonella activity for the first time with MIC value of 0.2 mg/ml, which was comparable to that of Ceftriaxone (0.14 mg/ml), thereby highlighting their potential as alternative therapeutics. Further, the GC–MS analysis of ethanolic and ethyl acetate stem extracts of M. parvifolia displayed an unprecedented phytochemical profile, identifying non-alkaloidal constituents such as neophytadiene, phytol, squalene, quinic acid, and cinnamaldehyde derivatives (4-hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamaldehyde) with significant antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities, potentially contributing to the observed bio-activity. The present study reports the peptide-based anti-bacterial potential of A. leucophloea and M. parvifolia, thereby significantly contributing towards expanding the phytoconstituent and pharmacological profile of these plants. Further studies are warranted to ascertain their mechanism of action and probable development as novel antimicrobial agents.