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<p>Curcumin, the principal bioactive compound in <i>Curcuma longa</i>, exhibits significant antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antihypertensive properties. Its biosynthesis is modulated by environmental conditions. This study investigates the influence of agroecological variables-soil type, climate, and rainfall on curcumin content in turmeric samples collected from diverse regions of Northeast India. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was employed to quantify curcumin, revealing substantial variation across samples, ranging from 24.63&#xa0;µg/mL in CL4 (0.82%) to 389.1&#xa0;µg/mL in CL10 (12.97%). Samples CL1, CL2, CL5, and CL10 recorded the highest curcumin concentrations. In vitro bioactivities were assessed using α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays to determine antidiabetic potential, DPPH and ABTS assays for antioxidant activity, and ACE inhibition assay to evaluate antihypertensive potential. Sample CL10 exhibited the most potent bioactivity, with IC₅₀ values of 14.42&#xa0;µg/mL (DPPH), 53.65&#xa0;µg/mL (ABTS), 9.52&#xa0;µg/mL (α-glucosidase), 36.7&#xa0;µg/mL (α-amylase), and 25.8&#xa0;µg/mL (ACE). ACE inhibition showed a strong correlation with curcumin content and phytochemical composition. To validate these findings at the molecular level, docking studies were conducted with protein targets 1HD2, 5NN4, 1MFV, and 1O8A. Curcumin exhibited strong binding affinities of −&#xa0;7.4, −&#xa0;7.1, −&#xa0;8.0, and − 8.8&#xa0;kcal/mol, respectively, comparable to standard drugs such as gallic acid, acarbose, and captopril. Overall, this study underscores the role of agroecological variation in shaping curcumin biosynthesis and bioactivity in <i>C. longa</i>. The combined approach of HPTLC profiling, biochemical assays, and molecular docking offers valuable insights for improving cultivation strategies to enhance curcumin yield and medicinal quality.</p>

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Agroecological influence on curcumin content and bioactivity of Northeast Indian Curcuma longa varieties: an HPTLC-based and molecular docking approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月7日

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  • Huidrom Abesana Mangang,
  • Khaidem Kennedy Singh,
  • Ojit Singh Keithellakpam,
  • Oinam Kelo Singh,
  • Thingbaijam Binoy Singh,
  • Pardeep Kumar Bhardwaj,
  • Nanaocha Sharma

摘要

Curcumin, the principal bioactive compound in Curcuma longa, exhibits significant antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antihypertensive properties. Its biosynthesis is modulated by environmental conditions. This study investigates the influence of agroecological variables-soil type, climate, and rainfall on curcumin content in turmeric samples collected from diverse regions of Northeast India. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was employed to quantify curcumin, revealing substantial variation across samples, ranging from 24.63 µg/mL in CL4 (0.82%) to 389.1 µg/mL in CL10 (12.97%). Samples CL1, CL2, CL5, and CL10 recorded the highest curcumin concentrations. In vitro bioactivities were assessed using α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays to determine antidiabetic potential, DPPH and ABTS assays for antioxidant activity, and ACE inhibition assay to evaluate antihypertensive potential. Sample CL10 exhibited the most potent bioactivity, with IC₅₀ values of 14.42 µg/mL (DPPH), 53.65 µg/mL (ABTS), 9.52 µg/mL (α-glucosidase), 36.7 µg/mL (α-amylase), and 25.8 µg/mL (ACE). ACE inhibition showed a strong correlation with curcumin content and phytochemical composition. To validate these findings at the molecular level, docking studies were conducted with protein targets 1HD2, 5NN4, 1MFV, and 1O8A. Curcumin exhibited strong binding affinities of − 7.4, − 7.1, − 8.0, and − 8.8 kcal/mol, respectively, comparable to standard drugs such as gallic acid, acarbose, and captopril. Overall, this study underscores the role of agroecological variation in shaping curcumin biosynthesis and bioactivity in C. longa. The combined approach of HPTLC profiling, biochemical assays, and molecular docking offers valuable insights for improving cultivation strategies to enhance curcumin yield and medicinal quality.