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<p>Essential oils (EOs) were extracted from the peels of ten different citrus species collected from the northeastern hilly regions of India. Comparative chemical profiling of these essential oils using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) revealed D-limonene as the predominant phytochemical across all samples, with concentrations ranging from 31.81% in <i>C. limon</i> (CLiMz) to 98.45% in <i>C. grandis</i> (CGrTp). In addition to D-limonene, several other monoterpenes, such as β-myrcene, α-pinene, β-bisabolene, γ-terpinene, β-pinene, α-terpineol, β-terpineol, linalool, and geranyl acetate, were consistently detected as minor components. Fatty acids, including hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid, along with other bioactive compounds, were also identified. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that <i>Citrus limon</i> and <i>Citrus aurantifolia</i> exhibited distinct clustering, suggesting unique phytochemical profiles. Furthermore, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) identified eight key metabolites with VIP scores greater than 1. These metabolites, which were pivotal in distinguishing the citrus genotypes, belonged to the chemical classes of fatty acyls, prenol lipids, and substituted benzene derivatives.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Unravelling the chemical diversity of essential oils in endangered citrus species from Northeast India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月14日

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  • V. P. Santhanakrishnan,
  • H. U. Pallavi,
  • V. Dwaraka,
  • S. Navinraj,
  • S. Vellaikumar,
  • N. Manikanda Boopathi,
  • Kewat Sanjay Kumar

摘要

Essential oils (EOs) were extracted from the peels of ten different citrus species collected from the northeastern hilly regions of India. Comparative chemical profiling of these essential oils using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) revealed D-limonene as the predominant phytochemical across all samples, with concentrations ranging from 31.81% in C. limon (CLiMz) to 98.45% in C. grandis (CGrTp). In addition to D-limonene, several other monoterpenes, such as β-myrcene, α-pinene, β-bisabolene, γ-terpinene, β-pinene, α-terpineol, β-terpineol, linalool, and geranyl acetate, were consistently detected as minor components. Fatty acids, including hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid, along with other bioactive compounds, were also identified. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that Citrus limon and Citrus aurantifolia exhibited distinct clustering, suggesting unique phytochemical profiles. Furthermore, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) identified eight key metabolites with VIP scores greater than 1. These metabolites, which were pivotal in distinguishing the citrus genotypes, belonged to the chemical classes of fatty acyls, prenol lipids, and substituted benzene derivatives.

Graphical abstract