Variation of physical parameters with stable isotopes and identifying source of water of the Yamuna River, Uttarakhand, India
摘要
Yamuna River is one of the crucial river for people living near the river for the industrial and domestic purposes. Demand of water is increasing day to day. Due to anthropogenic activities, the problem is occurring in the resources of River. The water is polluting as it going downstream. Physical parameters like temperature, pH, TDS, EC, ORP, DO and stable isotope (δ18O and δD) are analysed in this paper. Physical parameters were analysed in site using multiparameter and for isotope, samples are of the 3-month i.e., May, 2022 (pre-monsoon), September, 2023 (monsoon) and October, 2022 (post-monsoon) from Yamuna River and rainfall data are collected and analysed in ICMR lab. Regression of δ18O and δD data of river and rainfall were analysed and also LMWL and GMWL is taken from previous paper. Slope of river during these months are less than LWML and GWML which suggest that evaporation is taking place, whereas in monsoon it is slightly close to LMWL it shows that precipitation contributes water to the river. Stable isotope upstream is depleted in comparison to downstream. Many factors leading variation in δ18O and δD of river water, the variation is mainly due to precipitation, evaporation, addition of snow melt and addition of anthropogenic activities to water from agriculture, industries and household. Results show that rainwater is main source of river and physical parameters like temperature, DO, TDS, EC and ORP is affecting the stable isotope.